Difference between revisions of "Cofactors"

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= NAD<sup>+</sup> =
 
= NAD<sup>+</sup> =
 +
* [[Ald]]
 +
* [[AraM]]
 +
* [[BacC]]
 +
* [[BdhA]]
 +
* [[DhaS]]
 +
* [[IolX]]
 
* [[LplD]]
 
* [[LplD]]
 
* [[IolG]]
 
* [[IolG]]
 
* [[GapA]]
 
* [[GapA]]
 +
* [[GutB]]
 
* [[RocG]]
 
* [[RocG]]
 
* [[GudB]]
 
* [[GudB]]
 
* [[Mdh]]
 
* [[Mdh]]
 +
* [[MelA]]
 +
* [[NasE]]
 +
* [[NtdC]]
 +
* [[RhaEW]]
 +
* [[Tdh]]
 +
* [[TyrA]]
 +
* [[YcbD]]
 +
* [[YycR]]
  
 
= NADP<sup>+</sup> =
 
= NADP<sup>+</sup> =
 
* [[DapB]]
 
* [[DapB]]
 
* [[GapB]]
 
* [[GapB]]
 +
* [[Hom]]
 +
* [[HypO]]
 
* [[Icd]]
 
* [[Icd]]
 +
* [[IolW]]
 +
* [[IolU]]
 +
* [[Nos]]
 +
* [[ProG]]
 +
* [[ProH]]
 +
* [[ProI]]
 +
* [[QueF]]
 +
* [[YhdA]]
 
* [[YhdN]]
 
* [[YhdN]]
 +
* [[YhfP]]
 +
* [[YmfI]]
 +
* [[YqkF]]
 +
* [[YtsJ]]
 +
* [[YugJ]]
 +
* [[YvgN]]
  
 
= FAD =
 
= FAD =
 +
* [[AcdA]]
 +
* [[AcoL]]
 +
* [[AhpF]]
 +
* [[AlsS]]
 +
* [[AroF]]
 +
* [[CysJ]]
 +
* [[CypB]] ([[YrhJ]])
 +
* [[EtfA]]
 +
* [[EtfB]]
 +
* [[FadE]]
 +
* [[FadM]]
 +
* [[GidA]]
 +
* [[GlpD]]
 +
* [[HemY]]
 +
* [[Hmp]]
 +
* [[IlvB]]
 +
* [[LpdV]]
 +
* [[MmgC]]
 +
* [[MurB]]
 +
* [[NadB]]
 +
* [[NasB]]
 +
* [[NasD]]
 +
* [[Nox]]
 +
* [[PdhD]]
 +
* [[PucC]]
 +
* [[PutB]]
 +
* [[PyrK]]
 +
* [[RibC]]
 +
* [[SdhA]]
 +
* [[ThiO]]
 
* [[TrmFO]]
 
* [[TrmFO]]
 +
* [[TrxB]]
 +
* [[YdbM]]
 +
* [[YcgT]]
 +
* [[YdaP]]
 +
* [[YetM]]
 +
* [[YetO]]
 +
* [[YgaK]]
 +
* [[YhjG]]
 +
* [[YitJ]]
 +
* [[YitY]]
 +
* [[YjlD]]
 +
* [[YngJ]]
 +
* [[YoaI]]
 +
* [[YobN]]
 +
* [[YqiG]]
 +
* [[YsfC]]
 +
* [[YumB]]
 
* [[YumC]]
 
* [[YumC]]
 +
* [[YurR]]
 +
* [[YutJ]]
 +
* [[YvdP]]
 +
 +
= FMN =
 +
* [[CmoJ]]
 +
* [[CmoO]]
 +
* [[CysJ]]
 +
* [[DusB1]]
 +
* [[DusB2]]
 +
* [[GltA]]
 +
* [[HypO]]
 +
* [[PyrD]]
 +
* [[YqjM]]
 +
* [[YtvA]]
 +
* [[YxeK]]
 +
 +
= Additional Flavoproteins =
 +
* [[YacF]]
 +
* [[NdhF]]
 +
* [[YclD]]
 +
* [[YcnD]]
 +
* [[YddN]]
 +
* [[YdeQ]]
 +
* [[YdfE]]
 +
* [[YerD]]
 +
* [[Nos]]
 +
* [[YfjN]]
 +
* [[YusL]]
 +
* [[YusZ]]
 +
* [[YvbT]]
 +
* [[YwrO]]
 +
* [[NfrA]]
 +
 +
<pubmed>21635694</pubmed>
 +
 +
= S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) =
 +
* [[HemN]]
 +
* [[MoaA]]
 +
* [[TrmB]]
 +
* [[TrmK]]
 +
* [[YacO]]
 +
* [[YcgJ]]
 +
* [[YrrM]]
 +
* [[YrrT]]
 +
* [[YsgA]]
 +
* [[YtqB]]
 +
* [[YqeM]]
 +
* [[YqxC]]
 +
 +
= Menachinone =
 +
* [[ForC1]]
 +
* [[ForC2]]
  
 
= Biotin =
 
= Biotin =
 
* [[AccB]]
 
* [[AccB]]
 
* [[PycA]]
 
* [[PycA]]
 +
* [[YngHB]]
 +
 +
= Cobalamin =
 +
* [[QueG]]
 +
 +
= Calcium =
 +
* [[Abn2]]
  
 
= Copper =
 
= Copper =
 +
* [[CotA]]
 
* [[CtaC]] (Cu(A))
 
* [[CtaC]] (Cu(A))
 
* [[CtaD]] (Cu(B))
 
* [[CtaD]] (Cu(B))
 
* [[QoxB]] (Cu(B))
 
* [[QoxB]] (Cu(B))
 
* [[Sco]]
 
* [[Sco]]
 +
 +
 +
----
 +
= Ammonium =
 +
* [[CoaX]]
  
 
= Nickel =
 
= Nickel =
 +
* [[YugJ]]
 
* [[UreA]]-[[UreB]]-[[UreC]] (urease), the nickel ion binds the active site in [[UreC]]
 
* [[UreA]]-[[UreB]]-[[UreC]] (urease), the nickel ion binds the active site in [[UreC]]
 
<pubmed> 19363030 23539618 20442959 </pubmed>
 
<pubmed> 19363030 23539618 20442959 </pubmed>
 +
 +
= Magnesium=
 +
* [[DesK]]
 +
* [[EngA]]
 +
* [[ExoR]]
 +
* [[FosB]]
 +
* [[HutP]]
 +
* [[KtrA]]
 +
* [[MrfB]]
 +
* [[YwpJ]]
 +
* [[RnhB]]
 +
* [[RsbU]]
 +
* [[TagT]]
 +
* [[TagU]]
 +
* [[TagV]]
 +
* [[TsaE]]
  
 
= Manganese =
 
= Manganese =
 +
* [[AlsS]]
 +
* [[CdaA]]
 +
* [[ComEC]]
 +
* [[CotH]]
 +
* [[DisA]]
 
* [[LplD]]
 
* [[LplD]]
 +
* [[LtaS]]
 +
* [[MelA]]
 +
* [[MutT]]
 
* [[NrdF]]
 
* [[NrdF]]
 +
* [[NrnA]]
 
* [[OxdC]]
 
* [[OxdC]]
 +
* [[PgpH]]
 +
* [[PpaC]]
 +
* [[RecJ]]
 +
* [[RnhB]]
 +
* [[RnhC]]
 +
* [[RocB]]
 +
* [[RocF]]
 +
* [[RsbU]]
 +
* [[SpoIIE]]
 +
* [[YerA]]
 +
* [[YhfI]]
 +
* [[YisK]]
 +
* [[YloC]]
 +
* [[YpgQ]]
 +
* [[YvcI]]
 
== dimanganic-tyrosyl radical cofactor ==
 
== dimanganic-tyrosyl radical cofactor ==
 
* [[NrdF]]
 
* [[NrdF]]
  
 
= Zinc =
 
= Zinc =
 +
* [[BshB1]]
 +
* [[ComFA]]
 +
* [[ComFB]]
 +
* [[CsfB]]
 +
* [[FakA]]
 +
* [[LdcB]]
 +
* [[RpmE]]
 +
* [[RpmGA]]
 +
* [[RpmGB]]
 +
* [[RpsN]]
 +
* [[RtpA]]
 +
* [[SpoIVFB]]
 
* [[SufU]]
 
* [[SufU]]
 +
* [[YbgG]]
 +
* [[YitJ]]
 +
* [[YqgT]]
 +
* [[YycR]]
 +
 +
= MoCo (molybdenum cofactor, molybdopterin) =
 +
* [[ForC1]]
 +
* [[ForC2]]
 +
* [[NarG]]
 +
* [[NasC]]
  
 
= Iron-sulfur cluster =
 
= Iron-sulfur cluster =
 +
* [[AddB]]
 +
* [[AlbA]]
 +
* [[BioB]]
 +
* [[CitB]]
 +
* [[CysI]]
 +
* [[Fer]]
 +
* [[Fnr]]
 +
* [[ForC1]]
 +
* [[ForC2]]
 +
* [[GltA]]
 +
* [[GltB]]
 +
* [[HemN]]
 +
* [[HemZ]]
 +
* [[IlvD]]
 +
* [[IspG]]
 +
* [[IspH]]
 +
* [[KamA]]
 
* [[LeuC]]
 
* [[LeuC]]
−
* [[LeuD]]
+
* [[LipA]]
 +
* [[LutB]]
 +
* [[MmgE]]
 +
* [[MoaA]]
 +
* [[MtaB]]
 +
* [[MutY]]
 +
* [[NadA]]
 +
* [[NarG]]
 +
* [[NarH]]
 +
* [[NasC]]
 +
* [[NasD]]
 +
* [[NasE]]
 +
* [[NsrR]]
 +
* [[Nth]]
 +
* [[PucE]]
 +
* [[PurF]]
 +
* [[PyrK]]
 
* [[QcrA]]
 
* [[QcrA]]
 +
* [[QueE]]
 +
* [[QueG]]
 +
* [[RlmCD]]
 +
* [[SdaAA]]
 +
* [[SdaAB]]
 +
* [[SdhB]]
 +
* [[SkfB]]
 +
* [[SplB]]
 +
* [[SufA]]
 +
* [[SufB]]
 +
* [[ThiC]]
 +
* [[YaaT]]
 +
* [[YfjO]]
 +
* [[YloN]]
 +
* [[YmcB]]
 +
* [[YsfD]]
 +
 +
==[2 Fe-2 S] cluster==
 +
* [[ForC1]]
 +
* [[ForC2]]
 +
* [[YoaE]]
 +
* [[YyaE]]
 +
* [[YydG]]
 +
* [[YhfW]]
 +
* [[YfkA]]
 +
* [[YtqA]]
 +
* [[FadF]]
 +
* [[PyrK]]
  
 
= Heme A =  
 
= Heme A =  
 
* [[CtaD]]
 
* [[CtaD]]
 +
 +
= Heme b =
 +
* [[CydA]]
 +
* [[CydB]]
 +
* [[NarI]]
 +
* [[Nos]]
 +
* [[QcrB]]
 +
 +
= Heme d =
 +
* [[CydA]]
 +
* [[CydB]]
  
 
= Protoheme IX =
 
= Protoheme IX =
 
* [[EfeB]]
 
* [[EfeB]]
  
−
= Thiamine pyrophoshate, TPP =
+
= Heme (unspecified )=
−
* [[Tkt]]
+
* [[CysI]]
  
−
=== E1 subunits of ketoacid dehydrogenases/ acetoin dehydrogenase ===
+
= Thiamine pyrophosphate, TPP =
 +
* [[AcoA]]
 +
* [[AlsS]]
 +
* [[BkdAA]]
 +
* [[Dxs]]
 +
* [[IlvB]]
 +
* [[IolD]]
 +
* [[OdhA]]
 
* [[PdhA]]
 
* [[PdhA]]
 +
* [[Tkt]]
 +
* [[YdaP]]
  
 
= Lipoic acid =
 
= Lipoic acid =
Line 68: Line 356:
 
* [[GcvH]] (also required for [[LipL]]-catalyzed octanoyl transfer from [[AcpA]] to the E2s)
 
* [[GcvH]] (also required for [[LipL]]-catalyzed octanoyl transfer from [[AcpA]] to the E2s)
  
−
= pyridoxyl phosphate =
+
= Pyridoxyl phosphate, PLP =
 +
* [[AlaT]]
 +
* [[Alr]]
 +
* [[ArgD]]
 +
* [[AspB]]
 +
* [[BacF]]
 +
* [[BioA]]
 +
* [[BioF]]
 +
* [[CysK]]
 +
* [[Dat]]
 +
* [[DsdA]]
 +
* [[EpsN]]
 
* [[GabR]]
 
* [[GabR]]
−
* [[GcvP]]
+
* [[GabT]]
 +
* [[GcvPB]]
 +
* [[GlgP]]
 +
* [[GlyA]]
 +
* [[GsaB]]
 +
* [[HemL]]
 +
* [[HisC]]
 +
* [[IlvA]]
 +
* [[KamA]]
 +
* [[Kbl]]
 +
* [[LysA]]
 +
* [[MccA]]
 +
* [[MccB]]
 +
* [[MetC]]
 +
* [[MetI]]
 +
* [[MtnE]]
 +
* [[NifS]]
 +
* [[NifZ]]
 
* [[NtdA]]
 
* [[NtdA]]
 +
* [[PabC]]
 +
* [[PatA]]
 +
* [[PatB]]
 +
* [[PucG]]
 +
* [[RocD]]
 +
* [[SerC]]
 +
* [[SpeA]]
 +
* [[SpsC]]
 +
* [[SufS]]
 +
* [[ThrC]]
 +
* [[TrpB]]
 +
* [[YaaO]]
 +
* [[YbgE]]
 +
* [[YcbU]]
 +
* [[YcxD]]
 +
* [[YdeF]]
 +
* [[YdeL]]
 +
* [[YdfD]]
 +
* [[YhdI]]
 +
* [[YhdR]]
 +
* [[YhxA]]
 +
* [[YisV]]
 
* [[YlmE]]
 
* [[YlmE]]
 +
* [[YnbB]]
 +
* [[YncD]]
 +
* [[YodT]]
 +
* [[YrvO]]
 +
* [[YtkP]]
 +
* [[YwaA]]
 +
<pubmed>    31134210</pubmed>
  
−
= tetrahydrofalate =
+
= Tetrahydrofalate =
 
* [[GcvT]]
 
* [[GcvT]]
−
== methylene-THF ==
+
== Methylene-THF ==
 
* [[TrmFO]]
 
* [[TrmFO]]

Latest revision as of 09:32, 30 October 2024

NAD+

NADP+

FAD

FMN

Additional Flavoproteins

Peter Macheroux, Barbara Kappes, Steven E Ealick
Flavogenomics--a genomic and structural view of flavin-dependent proteins.
FEBS J: 2011, 278(15);2625-34
[PubMed:21635694] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)


S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM)

Menachinone

Biotin

Cobalamin

Calcium

Copper


Ammonium

Nickel

Mark A Farrugia, Lee Macomber, Robert P Hausinger
Biosynthesis of the urease metallocenter.
J Biol Chem: 2013, 288(19);13178-85
[PubMed:23539618] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Harini Kaluarachchi, Kim C Chan Chung, Deborah B Zamble
Microbial nickel proteins.
Nat Prod Rep: 2010, 27(5);681-94
[PubMed:20442959] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Stephen W Ragsdale
Nickel-based Enzyme Systems.
J Biol Chem: 2009, 284(28);18571-5
[PubMed:19363030] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)


Magnesium

Manganese

dimanganic-tyrosyl radical cofactor

Zinc

MoCo (molybdenum cofactor, molybdopterin)

Iron-sulfur cluster

[2 Fe-2 S] cluster

Heme A

Heme b

Heme d

Protoheme IX

Heme (unspecified )

Thiamine pyrophosphate, TPP

Lipoic acid

E2 subunits of ketoacid dehydrogenases/ acetoin dehydrogenase

H protein of the glycine cleavage system

  • GcvH (also required for LipL-catalyzed octanoyl transfer from AcpA to the E2s)

Pyridoxyl phosphate, PLP

Björn Richts, Jonathan Rosenberg, Fabian M Commichau
##Title##
Front Mol Biosci: 2019, 6;32
[PubMed:31134210] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P e)


Tetrahydrofalate

Methylene-THF

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