Difference between revisions of "Biofilm formation"

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Biofilms are the result of the multicellular lifestyle of ''B. subtilis''. They are characterized by the formation of a matrix polysaccharide and an amyloid-like protein, [[TasA]]. Correction of ''[[sfp]]'', ''[[epsC]]'','' [[swrAA]]'', and ''[[degQ]]'' as well as introduction of ''rapP'' from a plasmid present in NCIB3610 results in biofilm formation in ''B. subtilis'' 168 {{PubMed|21278284}}.
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Biofilms are the result of the multicellular lifestyle of ''B. subtilis''. They are characterized by the formation of a matrix polysaccharide (poly-N-acetyl glucosamine as a major polysaccharide {{PubMed|26078454}}) and an amyloid-like protein, [[TasA]]. Correction of ''[[sfp]]'', ''[[epsC]]'','' [[swrAA]]'', and ''[[degQ]]'' as well as introduction of ''rapP'' from a plasmid present in NCIB3610 results in biofilm formation in ''B. subtilis'' 168 {{PubMed|21278284}}.
  
  
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|Neighbours=
 
|Neighbours=
 
* 4.1.1. [[Motility and chemotaxis]]
 
* 4.1.1. [[Motility and chemotaxis]]
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* 4.1.2. [[Biofilm formation]]
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* 4.1.2. [[Swarming]]
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* 4.1.3. [[Genetic competence]]
+
* 4.1.3. [[Sliding]]
 +
* 4.1.4. [[Biofilm formation]]
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* 4.1.5. [[Genetic competence]]
 
|Related=
 
|Related=
 
[[SinR regulon]]
 
[[SinR regulon]]
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==Labs working on biofilm formation==
 
==Labs working on biofilm formation==
 +
* [[Roberto Grau]]
 
* [[Daniel Kearns]]
 
* [[Daniel Kearns]]
 
* [[Roberto Kolter]]
 
* [[Roberto Kolter]]
 +
* [[Akos T Kovacs]]
 
* [[Oscar Kuipers]]
 
* [[Oscar Kuipers]]
 
* [[Beth Lazazzera]]
 
* [[Beth Lazazzera]]
 
* [[Richard Losick]]
 
* [[Richard Losick]]
 +
* [[Eric Raspaud]]
 
* [[Nicola Stanley-Wall]]
 
* [[Nicola Stanley-Wall]]
 
* [[Jörg Stülke]]
 
* [[Jörg Stülke]]
  
 
==Key genes and operons involved in biofilm  formation==
 
==Key genes and operons involved in biofilm  formation==
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* matrix polysaccharide synthesis:  
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* matrix polysaccharide synthesis {{PubMed|26078454}}:  
 
** ''[[epsA]]-[[epsB]]-[[epsC]]-[[epsD]]-[[epsE]]-[[epsF]]-[[epsG]]-[[epsH]]-[[epsI]]-[[epsJ]]-[[epsK]]-[[epsL]]-[[epsM]]-[[epsN]]-[[epsO]]''
 
** ''[[epsA]]-[[epsB]]-[[epsC]]-[[epsD]]-[[epsE]]-[[epsF]]-[[epsG]]-[[epsH]]-[[epsI]]-[[epsJ]]-[[epsK]]-[[epsL]]-[[epsM]]-[[epsN]]-[[epsO]]''
 
**'' [[galE]]''
 
**'' [[galE]]''
 
* amyloid protein synthesis, secretion and assembly
 
* amyloid protein synthesis, secretion and assembly
 
** ''[[tapA]]-[[sipW]]-[[tasA]]''
 
** ''[[tapA]]-[[sipW]]-[[tasA]]''
 +
* repellent surface layer
 +
** ''[[bslA]]''
 
* regulation
 
* regulation
 
** [[SlrR]]
 
** [[SlrR]]
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** [[SinR]]
 
** [[SinR]]
 
** [[SinI]]
 
** [[SinI]]
 +
** [[KinC]]
 +
** [[KinD]]
 +
** [[Spo0A]]
 
** [[PtkA]]
 
** [[PtkA]]
 
** [[TkmA]]
 
** [[TkmA]]
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** [[DegU]]
 
** [[DegU]]
 
** [[DegQ]]
 
** [[DegQ]]
−
** [[RacX]]
 
 
** [[YmdB]]
 
** [[YmdB]]
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* biofilm disassembly
+
** [[FtsH]]
−
** [[YlmE]]
+
** [[Veg]]
 +
** [[MstX]]
 +
** [[YugO]]
 +
 
 
* other proteins required for biofilm formation
 
* other proteins required for biofilm formation
 
** [[AmpS]]
 
** [[AmpS]]
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** [[Sfp/2]]
 
** [[Sfp/2]]
 
** [[SpeA]]
 
** [[SpeA]]
 +
** [[SpeD]]
 
** [[SwrAA]]
 
** [[SwrAA]]
 
** [[YisP]]
 
** [[YisP]]
 
** [[YlbF]]
 
** [[YlbF]]
 
** [[YmcA]]
 
** [[YmcA]]
−
** [[YuaB]]
 
 
** [[YvcA]]
 
** [[YvcA]]
 
** [[YwcC]]
 
** [[YwcC]]
 
** [[YxaB]]
 
** [[YxaB]]
 +
 +
* other proteins required for efficient pellicle biofilm formation (mutant is out-competed by wild type)
 +
** [[Hag]]
 +
** [[FlgE]]
 +
** [[FliF]]
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** [[MotA]]
 +
** [[SigD]]
 +
** [[CheA]]
 +
** [[CheY]]
 +
** [[CheD]]
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** [[CheV]]
 +
** [[HemAT]]
  
 
==Important original publications==
 
==Important original publications==
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<pubmed> 21267464 21278284 16091050 22232655 </pubmed>
+
<pubmed> 26122431, 26588577, 26152584, 26078454 25870300 26060272 25825426 23271809, 23300252 21267464 21278284 16091050 22232655 22371091 23341623 23406351 25768534 23012477,22934631 23517761 23569226 23564171 25035996 23637960 23645570 24256735 25422306 25680358 25713360 25894589 26200335 26873313  30297741  28462927,31113899
 +
</pubmed>
  
 
==Key reviews==
 
==Key reviews==
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'''Additional reviews:''' {{PubMed|21488983}}
+
<pubmed>16787201,24771632, 9891794,19054118,20890834,21109420,20519345,18381896 22024380 20735481 23353768 23791621 23927648 24384602 24909922 26104716 24988880 24608334 25907113,30218468</pubmed>
−
<pubmed>16787201,9891794,19054118,20890834,21109420,20519345,18381896 22024380 20735481</pubmed>
 
  
 
=Back to [[categories]]=
 
=Back to [[categories]]=

Latest revision as of 08:49, 24 May 2019

Biofilms are the result of the multicellular lifestyle of B. subtilis. They are characterized by the formation of a matrix polysaccharide (poly-N-acetyl glucosamine as a major polysaccharide PubMed) and an amyloid-like protein, TasA. Correction of sfp, epsC, swrAA, and degQ as well as introduction of rapP from a plasmid present in NCIB3610 results in biofilm formation in B. subtilis 168 PubMed.


Parent categories
Neighbouring categories
Related categories

SinR regulon




Biofilm formation in SubtiPathways

Labs working on biofilm formation

Key genes and operons involved in biofilm formation

Important original publications


Key reviews

Margarita Kalamara, Mihael Spacapan, Ines Mandic-Mulec, Nicola R Stanley-Wall
Social behaviours by Bacillus subtilis: quorum sensing, kin discrimination and beyond.
Mol Microbiol: 2018, 110(6);863-878
[PubMed:30218468] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Jordi van Gestel, Hera Vlamakis, Roberto Kolter
Division of Labor in Biofilms: the Ecology of Cell Differentiation.
Microbiol Spectr: 2015, 3(2);MB-0002-2014
[PubMed:26104716] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Laura Hobley, Catriona Harkins, Cait E MacPhee, Nicola R Stanley-Wall
Giving structure to the biofilm matrix: an overview of individual strategies and emerging common themes.
FEMS Microbiol Rev: 2015, 39(5);649-69
[PubMed:25907113] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Lynne S Cairns, Laura Hobley, Nicola R Stanley-Wall
Biofilm formation by Bacillus subtilis: new insights into regulatory strategies and assembly mechanisms.
Mol Microbiol: 2014, 93(4);587-98
[PubMed:24988880] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Benjamin Mielich-Süss, Daniel Lopez
Molecular mechanisms involved in Bacillus subtilis biofilm formation.
Environ Microbiol: 2015, 17(3);555-65
[PubMed:24909922] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Eisha Mhatre, Ramses Gallegos Monterrosa, Akos T Kovács
From environmental signals to regulators: modulation of biofilm development in Gram-positive bacteria.
J Basic Microbiol: 2014, 54(7);616-32
[PubMed:24771632] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Dennis Claessen, Daniel E Rozen, Oscar P Kuipers, Lotte Søgaard-Andersen, Gilles P van Wezel
Bacterial solutions to multicellularity: a tale of biofilms, filaments and fruiting bodies.
Nat Rev Microbiol: 2014, 12(2);115-24
[PubMed:24384602] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Robert Belas
When the swimming gets tough, the tough form a biofilm.
Mol Microbiol: 2013, 90(1);1-5
[PubMed:23927648] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Diego Romero
Bacterial determinants of the social behavior of Bacillus subtilis.
Res Microbiol: 2013, 164(7);788-98
[PubMed:23791621] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Hera Vlamakis, Yunrong Chai, Pascale Beauregard, Richard Losick, Roberto Kolter
Sticking together: building a biofilm the Bacillus subtilis way.
Nat Rev Microbiol: 2013, 11(3);157-68
[PubMed:23353768] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Elizabeth Anne Shank, Roberto Kolter
Extracellular signaling and multicellularity in Bacillus subtilis.
Curr Opin Microbiol: 2011, 14(6);741-7
[PubMed:22024380] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Tjakko Abee, Akos T Kovács, Oscar P Kuipers, Stijn van der Veen
Biofilm formation and dispersal in Gram-positive bacteria.
Curr Opin Biotechnol: 2011, 22(2);172-9
[PubMed:21109420] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Roberto Kolter
Biofilms in lab and nature: a molecular geneticist's voyage to microbial ecology.
Int Microbiol: 2010, 13(1);1-7
[PubMed:20890834] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Massimiliano Marvasi, Pieter T Visscher, Lilliam Casillas Martinez
Exopolymeric substances (EPS) from Bacillus subtilis: polymers and genes encoding their synthesis.
FEMS Microbiol Lett: 2010, 313(1);1-9
[PubMed:20735481] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Daniel López, Hera Vlamakis, Roberto Kolter
Biofilms.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol: 2010, 2(7);a000398
[PubMed:20519345] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Daniel Lopez, Hera Vlamakis, Roberto Kolter
Generation of multiple cell types in Bacillus subtilis.
FEMS Microbiol Rev: 2009, 33(1);152-63
[PubMed:19054118] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Hera Vlamakis, Claudio Aguilar, Richard Losick, Roberto Kolter
Control of cell fate by the formation of an architecturally complex bacterial community.
Genes Dev: 2008, 22(7);945-53
[PubMed:18381896] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Wolf-Rainer Abraham
Controlling biofilms of gram-positive pathogenic bacteria.
Curr Med Chem: 2006, 13(13);1509-24
[PubMed:16787201] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

J A Shapiro
Thinking about bacterial populations as multicellular organisms.
Annu Rev Microbiol: 1998, 52;81-104
[PubMed:9891794] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)


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