FlgM

• Description: anti-SigD, regulation of flagellin, motility and chemotaxis
  
  

Gene name	flgM
Synonyms
Essential	no
Product	anti-SigD
Function	control of SigD activity
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: flgM
Interactions involving this protein in SubtInteract: FlgM
MW, pI	9 kDa, 9.918
Gene length, protein length	264 bp, 88 aa
Immediate neighbours	flgN, yvyF
Sequences	Protein DNA DNA_with_flanks
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

sigma factors and their control, motility and chemotaxis

This gene is a member of the following regulons

ComK regulon, DegU regulon, ScoC regulon, SigD regulon

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU35430

Database entries

• BsubCyc: BSU35430

• DBTBS entry: [1]

• SubtiList entry: [2]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:

• Protein family: flgM family (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:

• Modification:

• Cofactors:

• Effectors of protein activity:

• Interactions: FlgM-SigD PubMed

• Localization:
  • secreted and extracellularly degraded by the proteases Epr and WprA PubMed
  • secretion of FlgM requires the FliF/FliG basal body proteins, the flagellar type III export apparatus components FliO, FliP, FliQ, FliR, FlhA, and FlhB, and the substrate specificity switch regulator FliK PubMed

Database entries

• BsubCyc: BSU35430

• Structure:

• UniProt: P39809

• KEGG entry: [3]

• E.C. number:

Expression and regulation

• Operon:
  • comFA-comFB-comFC-yvyF-flgM-flgN-flgK-flgL PubMed
  • yvyF-flgM-flgN-flgK-flgL PubMed
  • flgM-flgN-flgK-flgL PubMed

• Expression browser: flgM PubMed

• Sigma factor:
  • comFA: SigA PubMed
  • yvyF: SigD PubMed
  • flgM: SigD PubMed

• Regulation:

• Regulatory mechanism:
  • ComK: transcription activation PubMed
  • ScoC: transcription repression PubMed
  • flgM: DegU-P: transcription activation PubMed

• Regulatory mechanism:

• Additional information:

Biological materials

• Mutant:
  • 1A764 (no resistance), PubMed, available at BGSC

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

References

Original Publications

Rebecca A Calvo, Daniel B Kearns
FlgM is secreted by the flagellar export apparatus in Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 2015, 197(1);81-91
[PubMed:25313396] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Wai Kit Ma, Rachel Hendrix, Claire Stewart, Eric V Campbell, Mitchell Lavarias, Kolyn Morris, Shauna Nichol, Matthew J Gage
FlgM proteins from different bacteria exhibit different structural characteristics.
Biochim Biophys Acta: 2013, 1834(4);808-16
[PubMed:23352839] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Yi-Huang Hsueh, Loralyn M Cozy, Lok-To Sham, Rebecca A Calvo, Alina D Gutu, Malcolm E Winkler, Daniel B Kearns
DegU-phosphate activates expression of the anti-sigma factor FlgM in Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Microbiol: 2011, 81(4);1092-108
[PubMed:21736639] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Loralyn M Cozy, Daniel B Kearns
Gene position in a long operon governs motility development in Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Microbiol: 2010, 76(2);273-85
[PubMed:20233303] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Prashant Kodgire, K Krishnamurthy Rao
A dual mode of regulation of flgM by ScoC in Bacillus subtilis.
Can J Microbiol: 2009, 55(8);983-9
[PubMed:19898538] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

M G Bertero, B Gonzales, C Tarricone, F Ceciliani, A Galizzi
Overproduction and characterization of the Bacillus subtilis anti-sigma factor FlgM.
J Biol Chem: 1999, 274(17);12103-7
[PubMed:10207036] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

K Fredrick, J D Helmann
FlgM is a primary regulator of sigmaD activity, and its absence restores motility to a sinR mutant.
J Bacteriol: 1996, 178(23);7010-3
[PubMed:8955328] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

T Caramori, D Barilla, C Nessi, L Sacchi, A Galizzi
Role of FlgM in sigma D-dependent gene expression in Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 1996, 178(11);3113-8
[PubMed:8655488] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

D B Mirel, P Lauer, M J Chamberlin
Identification of flagellar synthesis regulatory and structural genes in a sigma D-dependent operon of Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 1994, 176(15);4492-500
[PubMed:8045879] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

J A Londoño-Vallejo, D Dubnau
comF, a Bacillus subtilis late competence locus, encodes a protein similar to ATP-dependent RNA/DNA helicases.
Mol Microbiol: 1993, 9(1);119-31
[PubMed:8412657] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)