Nfo

• Description: type IV apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease
  
  

Gene name	nfo
Synonyms	yqfS
Essential	no
Product	type IV apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease
Function	repair of oxidative DNA damage in spores
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: nfo
MW, pI	32 kDa, 5.371
Gene length, protein length	891 bp, 297 aa
Immediate neighbours	yqfT, cshB
Sequences	Protein DNA DNA_with_flanks
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

DNA repair/ recombination, sporulation proteins

This gene is a member of the following regulons

SigG regulon

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU25130

Phenotypes of a mutant

• an exoA nfo double mutant is impaired in germination and spore outgrowth due to the accumulation of DNA lesions, this can be rescued by inactivation of disA PubMed
• an exoA nfo double mutant is sensitive to radiation PubMed

Database entries

• BsubCyc: BSU25130

• DBTBS entry: [1]

• SubtiList entry: [2]

Additional information

• Nfo is functionally redundant with ExoA

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity: Endonucleolytic cleavage to 5'-phosphooligonucleotide end-products (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Protein family: AP endonuclease 2 family (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:

• Modification:

• Cofactor(s):

• Effectors of protein activity:

• Interactions:

• Localization:

Database entries

• BsubCyc: BSU25130

• Structure:

• UniProt: P54476

• KEGG entry: [3]

• E.C. number:

Expression and regulation

• Operon: nfo-yqfU PubMed

• Expression browser: nfo PubMed

• Sigma factor: SigG PubMed

• Regulation:
  • expressed late during sporulation in the forespore (SigG) PubMed

• Regulatory mechanism:

• Additional information:

The gene yqfT is located between nfo and yqfU, but is transcribed in the opposite direction.

• • number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium): 262 PubMed
  • number of protein molecules per cell (complex medium with amino acids, without glucose): 659 PubMed
  • number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium, exponential phase): 612 PubMed
  • number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium, early stationary phase after glucose exhaustion): 355 PubMed
  • number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium, late stationary phase after glucose exhaustion): 628 PubMed

Biological materials

• Mutant:
  • available in Mario Pedraza-Reyes' lab
  • GP899 (nfo::kan) and GP1502 (nfo::cat), available in Stülke lab

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

References

Reviews

Justin S Lenhart, Jeremy W Schroeder, Brian W Walsh, Lyle A Simmons
DNA repair and genome maintenance in Bacillus subtilis.
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev: 2012, 76(3);530-64
[PubMed:22933559] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)