Motility and chemotaxis

Motility and chemotaxis facilitate signal-directed swimming and swarming of B. subtilis PubMed. Motility, chemotaxis and aerotaxis facilitate pellicle biofilm formation in B. subtilis PubMed. Production of flagella is a costly process in B. subtilis PubMed.

Parent categories	4. Lifestyles 4.1. Exponential and early post-exponential lifestyles
Neighbouring categories	4.1.1. Motility and chemotaxis 4.1.2. Swarming 4.1.3. Sliding 4.1.4. Biofilm formation 4.1.5. Genetic competence
Related categories	SigD regulon SlrR regulon fla-che operon
Overview on the categories (Excel file) All genes and their categories (Excel file)

Labs working on motility and chemotaxis

• Gert Bange
• Daniel Kearns
• Akos T Kovacs

Regulation of flagellation

• number of flagellar hooks per micrometer of cell length
  • in swimming cells: 4 +/- 1 PubMed
  • in swarming cells: 9 +/- 2 PubMed

Genes in this functional category

Signal transduction in motility and chemotaxis

Soluble signalling proteins

• cheA
• cheB
• cheC
• cheD
• cheR
• cheY

Coupling proteins

• cheV
• cheW

Soluble chemoreceptors

• hemAT
• yfmS

Membrane-bound chemoreceptors

• mcpA
• mcpB
• mcpC
• tlpA
• tlpB
• tlpC
• yoaH
• yvaQ

Additional chemotaxis signal transduction and regulatory proteins

• csrA
• dgrA
• epr
• epsE
• flgM
• fliY
• lonA
• luxS
• pdeH
• sigD
• smiA
• swrAA/1
• swrAA/2
• swrB

Flagellar proteins

• flgB
• flgC
• flgD
• flgE
• flgK
• flgL
• flgN
• flhA
• flhB
• flhF
• flhG
• flhO
• flhP
• fliD
• fliE
• fliF
• fliG
• fliH
• fliI
• fliJ
• fliK
• fliL
• fliM
• fliP
• fliQ
• fliR
• fliS
• fliT
• fliW
• fliY
• fliZ
• hag
• motA
• motB
• motP
• motS

Flagellar proteins/ based on similarity

• ylqH
• yvyC
• yvyF

• yvzB

Motility and chemotaxis/ other

• lytC
• ycdA

Key original publications

Sampriti Mukherjee, Anna C Bree, Jing Liu, Joyce E Patrick, Peter Chien, Daniel B Kearns
Adaptor-mediated Lon proteolysis restricts Bacillus subtilis hyperflagellation.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A: 2015, 112(1);250-5
[PubMed:25538299] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Hiraku Takada, Masato Morita, Yuh Shiwa, Ryoma Sugimoto, Shota Suzuki, Fujio Kawamura, Hirofumi Yoshikawa
Cell motility and biofilm formation in Bacillus subtilis are affected by the ribosomal proteins, S11 and S21.
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem: 2014, 78(5);898-907
[PubMed:25035996] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Thomas M Norman, Nathan D Lord, Johan Paulsson, Richard Losick
Memory and modularity in cell-fate decision making.
Nature: 2013, 503(7477);481-486
[PubMed:24256735] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Key reviews

Theresa Hölscher, Benjamin Bartels, Yu-Cheng Lin, Ramses Gallegos-Monterrosa, Alexa Price-Whelan, Roberto Kolter, Lars E P Dietrich, Ákos T Kovács
Motility, Chemotaxis and Aerotaxis Contribute to Competitiveness during Bacterial Pellicle Biofilm Development.
J Mol Biol: 2015, 427(23);3695-3708
[PubMed:26122431] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Sampriti Mukherjee, Daniel B Kearns
The structure and regulation of flagella in Bacillus subtilis.
Annu Rev Genet: 2014, 48;319-40
[PubMed:25251856] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Joyce E Patrick, Daniel B Kearns
Swarming motility and the control of master regulators of flagellar biosynthesis.
Mol Microbiol: 2012, 83(1);14-23
[PubMed:22092493] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Christopher V Rao, George D Glekas, George W Ordal
The three adaptation systems of Bacillus subtilis chemotaxis.
Trends Microbiol: 2008, 16(10);480-7
[PubMed:18774298] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Hendrik Szurmant, George W Ordal
Diversity in chemotaxis mechanisms among the bacteria and archaea.
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev: 2004, 68(2);301-19
[PubMed:15187186] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

L F Garrity, G W Ordal
Chemotaxis in Bacillus subtilis: how bacteria monitor environmental signals.
Pharmacol Ther: 1995, 68(1);87-104
[PubMed:8604438] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)