LcfA

• Description: long chain acyl-CoA synthetase, involved in surfactin production
  
  

Gene name	lcfA
Synonyms
Essential	no
Product	long chain acyl-CoA synthetase
Function	fatty acid degradation
Metabolic function and regulation of this protein in SubtiPathways: Fatty acid degradation
MW, pI	62 kDa, 6.119
Gene length, protein length	1680 bp, 560 aa
Immediate neighbours	fadR, yshE
Get the DNA and protein sequences (Barbe et al., 2009)
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU28560

Database entries

• DBTBS entry: [1]

• SubtiList entry: [2]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity: ATP + a long-chain carboxylic acid + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + an acyl-CoA (according to Swiss-Prot), activates 3-hydroxy fatty acids for surfactin biosynthesis PubMed

• Protein family: ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Paralogous protein(s): LcfB, YhfT, YngI

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:

• Modification:

• Cofactor(s):

• Effectors of protein activity:

• Interactions:

• Localization: cytoplasm (according to Swiss-Prot)

Database entries

• Structure:

• UniProt: P94547

• KEGG entry: [3]

• E.C. number: 6.2.1.3

Expression and regulation

• Operon: lcfA-fadR-fadB-etfB-etfA PubMed

• Sigma factor:

• Regulation:
  • repressed by glucose (CcpA)
  • induced by long chain acyl-CoA (C14 ... C20) (FadR) PubMed

• Regulatory mechanism:
  • CcpA: transcription repression
  • FadR: transcription repression PubMed

• Additional information:

Biological materials

• Mutant: available in Mohamed Marahiel's lab PubMed

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

References

Femke I Kraas, Verena Helmetag, Melanie Wittmann, Matthias Strieker, Mohamed A Marahiel
Functional dissection of surfactin synthetase initiation module reveals insights into the mechanism of lipoinitiation.
Chem Biol: 2010, 17(8);872-80
[PubMed:20797616] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Yasutaro Fujita, Hiroshi Matsuoka, Kazutake Hirooka
Regulation of fatty acid metabolism in bacteria.
Mol Microbiol: 2007, 66(4);829-39
[PubMed:17919287] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Hiroshi Matsuoka, Kazutake Hirooka, Yasutaro Fujita
Organization and function of the YsiA regulon of Bacillus subtilis involved in fatty acid degradation.
J Biol Chem: 2007, 282(8);5180-94
[PubMed:17189250] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Chiara Barabesi, Alessandro Galizzi, Giorgio Mastromei, Mila Rossi, Elena Tamburini, Brunella Perito
Bacillus subtilis gene cluster involved in calcium carbonate biomineralization.
J Bacteriol: 2007, 189(1);228-35
[PubMed:17085570] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)