IlvD

• Description: dihydroxy-acid dehydratase (2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate, 2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate)
  
  

Gene name	ilvD
Synonyms
Essential	no
Product	dihydroxy-acid dehydratase (2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate, 2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate)
Function	biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: ilvD
Metabolic function and regulation of this protein in SubtiPathways: ilvD
MW, pI	59 kDa, 5.315
Gene length, protein length	1674 bp, 558 aa
Immediate neighbours	brxA, ypgR
Sequences	Protein DNA DNA_with_flanks
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed 500px

Categories containing this gene/protein

biosynthesis/ acquisition of amino acids, most abundant proteins

This gene is a member of the following regulons

CodY regulon

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU21870

Database entries

• BsubCyc: BSU21870

• DBTBS entry: [1]

• SubtiList entry: [2]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity: 2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate = 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + H₂O (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Protein family:

• Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:

• Modification:

• Cofactors:

• Effectors of protein activity:

• Interactions:

• Localization:

Database entries

• BsubCyc: BSU21870

• Structure: http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/explore.do?structureId=2GP4 2GP4 (apo form of 6-phosphogluconate dehydratase from Shewanella oneidensis, 33% identity)

• UniProt: P51785

• KEGG entry: [3]

• E.C. number: 4.2.1.9

Expression and regulation

• Operon: ilvD PubMed

• Expression browser: ilvD PubMed

• Sigma factor:

• Regulation:
  • repressed by casamino acids PubMed
  • repressed during growth in the presence of branched chain amino acids (CodY) PubMed

• Regulatory mechanism:
  • CodY: transcription repression PubMed1 PubMed2

• Additional information:
  • belongs to the 100 most abundant proteins PubMed
  • number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium): 3104 PubMed
  • number of protein molecules per cell (complex medium with amino acids, without glucose): 1545 PubMed
  • number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium, exponential phase): 4271 PubMed
  • number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium, early stationary phase after glucose exhaustion): 1398 PubMed
  • number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium, late stationary phase after glucose exhaustion): 2083 PubMed

Biological materials

• Mutant:

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion: pGP522 (in pAC5), pGP235 (in pAC5), both available in Jörg Stülke's lab; a series of promoter deletions in pAC6 is available in Jörg Stülke's lab

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

References

François Coutte, Joachim Niehren, Debarun Dhali, Mathias John, Cristian Versari, Philippe Jacques
Modeling leucine's metabolic pathway and knockout prediction improving the production of surfactin, a biosurfactant from Bacillus subtilis.
Biotechnol J: 2015, 10(8);1216-34
[PubMed:26220295] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Allison Kriel, Shaun R Brinsmade, Jessica L Tse, Ashley K Tehranchi, Alycia N Bittner, Abraham L Sonenshein, Jue D Wang
GTP dysregulation in Bacillus subtilis cells lacking (p)ppGpp results in phenotypic amino acid auxotrophy and failure to adapt to nutrient downshift and regulate biosynthesis genes.
J Bacteriol: 2014, 196(1);189-201
[PubMed:24163341] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Boris R Belitsky, Abraham L Sonenshein
Genetic and biochemical analysis of CodY-binding sites in Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 2008, 190(4);1224-36
[PubMed:18083814] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Christine Eymann, Annette Dreisbach, Dirk Albrecht, Jörg Bernhardt, Dörte Becher, Sandy Gentner, Le Thi Tam, Knut Büttner, Gerrit Buurman, Christian Scharf, Simone Venz, Uwe Völker, Michael Hecker
A comprehensive proteome map of growing Bacillus subtilis cells.
Proteomics: 2004, 4(10);2849-76
[PubMed:15378759] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Ulrike Mäder, Susanne Hennig, Michael Hecker, Georg Homuth
Transcriptional organization and posttranscriptional regulation of the Bacillus subtilis branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis genes.
J Bacteriol: 2004, 186(8);2240-52
[PubMed:15060025] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Virginie Molle, Yoshiko Nakaura, Robert P Shivers, Hirotake Yamaguchi, Richard Losick, Yasutaro Fujita, Abraham L Sonenshein
Additional targets of the Bacillus subtilis global regulator CodY identified by chromatin immunoprecipitation and genome-wide transcript analysis.
J Bacteriol: 2003, 185(6);1911-22
[PubMed:12618455] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Ulrike Mäder, Georg Homuth, Christian Scharf, Knut Büttner, Rüdiger Bode, Michael Hecker
Transcriptome and proteome analysis of Bacillus subtilis gene expression modulated by amino acid availability.
J Bacteriol: 2002, 184(15);4288-95
[PubMed:12107147] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)