GlmS

• Description: glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase
  
  

Gene name	glmS
Synonyms	gcaA, ybxD
Essential	yes PubMed
Product	glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase
Function	cell wall synthesis
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: glmS
Metabolic function and regulation of this protein in SubtiPathways: glmS
MW, pI	65 kDa, 4.796
Gene length, protein length	1800 bp, 600 aa
Immediate neighbours	glmM, alkA
Sequences	Protein DNA DNA_with_flanks
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

cell wall synthesis, biosynthesis of cell wall components, essential genes

This gene is a member of the following regulons

glmS ribozyme

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU01780

Phenotypes of a mutant

essential PubMed

Database entries

• BsubCyc: BSU01780

• DBTBS entry: no entry

• SubtiList entry: [1]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity: L-glutamine + D-fructose 6-phosphate = L-glutamate + D-glucosamine 6-phosphate (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Protein family:

• Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:

• Modification:

• Cofactors:

• Effectors of protein activity:

• Interactions:

• Localization:
  • cytoplasm (according to Swiss-Prot)

Database entries

• BsubCyc: BSU01780

• Structure: 2VF4 (GlmS from E. coli, 39% identity, 58% similarity) PubMed
  • the ribozyme: 3G8S, 3G9C, 3G8T, 3G95, 3G96 (all for the ribozyme from Bacillus anthracis), 2HO7 (the ribozyme from Thermonanaerobacter tengcongensis)

• UniProt: P39754

• KEGG entry: [2]

• E.C. number: 2.6.1.16

Additional information

• subject to Clp-dependent proteolysis upon glucose starvation PubMed

Expression and regulation

• Operon: cdaA-cdaR-glmM-glmS PubMed

• Expression browser: glmS PubMed

• Sigma factor: SigA PubMed

• Regulation:
  • repressed by glucosamine, N-acetylglucosamine, N-propionylglucosamine or N-formylglucosamine PubMed
  • glmS is only expressed in the absence of glucosamine 6-phosphate (glmS ribozyme)

• Regulatory mechanism: glmS ribozyme: glucosamine 6-phosphate binds the leader mRNA, and a riboswitch with ribozyme activity cleaves off the glmS section from the mRNA, resulting in stopp of transcript elongation

• Additional information:
  • subject to Clp-dependent proteolysis upon glucose starvation PubMed
  • A ncRNA is predicted between glmM and glmS PubMed
  • number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium): 340 PubMed
  • number of protein molecules per cell (complex medium with amino acids, without glucose): 2741 PubMed

Biological materials

• Mutant:

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

Labs working on this gene/protein

Wade Winkler, University of Texas, USA, Homepage

References

Reviews

Philippe Durand, Béatrice Golinelli-Pimpaneau, Stéphane Mouilleron, Bernard Badet, Marie-Ange Badet-Denisot
Highlights of glucosamine-6P synthase catalysis.
Arch Biochem Biophys: 2008, 474(2);302-17
[PubMed:18279655] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Other Original Publications

Yanfeng Liu, Long Liu, Hyun-dong Shin, Rachel R Chen, Jianghua Li, Guocheng Du, Jian Chen
Pathway engineering of Bacillus subtilis for microbial production of N-acetylglucosamine.
Metab Eng: 2013, 19;107-15
[PubMed:23876412] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Felix M P Mehne, Katrin Gunka, Hinnerk Eilers, Christina Herzberg, Volkhard Kaever, Jörg Stülke
Cyclic di-AMP homeostasis in bacillus subtilis: both lack and high level accumulation of the nucleotide are detrimental for cell growth.
J Biol Chem: 2013, 288(3);2004-17
[PubMed:23192352] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Yun Luo, John D Helmann
Analysis of the role of Bacillus subtilis σ(M) in β-lactam resistance reveals an essential role for c-di-AMP in peptidoglycan homeostasis.
Mol Microbiol: 2012, 83(3);623-39
[PubMed:22211522] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Irnov Irnov, Cynthia M Sharma, Jörg Vogel, Wade C Winkler
Identification of regulatory RNAs in Bacillus subtilis.
Nucleic Acids Res: 2010, 38(19);6637-51
[PubMed:20525796] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Stéphane Mouilleron, Marie-Ange Badet-Denisot, Béatrice Golinelli-Pimpaneau
Ordering of C-terminal loop and glutaminase domains of glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase promotes sugar ring opening and formation of the ammonia channel.
J Mol Biol: 2008, 377(4);1174-85
[PubMed:18295797] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Ulf Gerth, Holger Kock, Ilja Kusters, Stephan Michalik, Robert L Switzer, Michael Hecker
Clp-dependent proteolysis down-regulates central metabolic pathways in glucose-starved Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 2008, 190(1);321-31
[PubMed:17981983] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

K Yoshida, K Kobayashi, Y Miwa, C M Kang, M Matsunaga, H Yamaguchi, S Tojo, M Yamamoto, R Nishi, N Ogasawara, T Nakayama, Y Fujita
Combined transcriptome and proteome analysis as a powerful approach to study genes under glucose repression in Bacillus subtilis.
Nucleic Acids Res: 2001, 29(3);683-92
[PubMed:11160890] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

C J BATES, C A PASTERNAK
FURTHER STUDIES ON THE REGULATION OF AMINO SUGAR METABOLISM IN BACILLUS SUBTILIS.
Biochem J: 1965, 96(1);147-54
[PubMed:14343123] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)