TrxA

• Description: thioredoxin, antioxidative action by facilitating the reduction of other proteins by cysteine thiol-disulfide exchange, important for the prevention of protein aggregation during severe heat stress
  
  

Gene name	trxA
Synonyms	trx
Essential	yes PubMed
Product	thioredoxin
Function	protection of proteins against oxidative damage
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: trxA
Interactions involving this protein in SubtInteract: TrxA
MW, pI	11 kDa, 4.308
Gene length, protein length	312 bp, 104 aa
Immediate neighbours	uvrC, abf2
Sequences	Protein DNA DNA_with_flanks
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

electron transport/ other, general stress proteins (controlled by SigB), resistance against oxidative and electrophile stress, essential genes

This gene is a member of the following regulons

CtsR regulon, SigB regulon, Spx regulon

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU28500

Phenotypes of a mutant

essential PubMed

Database entries

• BsubCyc: BSU28500

• DBTBS entry: [1]

• SubtiList entry: [2]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:

• Protein family: thioredoxin family (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:

• Modification:

• Cofactors:

• Effectors of protein activity:

• Interactions:
  • ArsC-TrxA PubMed

• Localization: cytoplasm PubMed

Database entries

• BsubCyc: BSU28500

• Structure: 2GZZ (oxidized form), 2GZY (reduced form), 2IPA (TrxA-ArsC-complex) PubMed

• UniProt: P14949

• KEGG entry: [3]

• E.C. number:

Expression and regulation

• Operon: trxA PubMed

• Expression browser: trxA PubMed

• Sigma factor: SigA PubMed, SigB PubMed

• Regulation:
  • induced by stress (SigB) PubMed
  • regulation by Spx in response to diamide stress
  • induced by heat stress (CtsR) PubMed

• Regulatory mechanism:
  • CtsR: transcription repression PubMed

• Additional information:
  • A ncRNA is predicted between trxA and abf2 PubMed
  • number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium): 7758 PubMed
  • number of protein molecules per cell (complex medium with amino acids, without glucose): 15381 PubMed

Biological materials

• Mutant:

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

References

Reviews

Jun Lu, Arne Holmgren
The thioredoxin antioxidant system.
Free Radic Biol Med: 2014, 66;75-87
[PubMed:23899494] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)