lytE
168
cell wall hydrolase (major autolysin) for cell elongation and separation, D,L-endopeptidase-type autolysin
locus
BSU_09420
Molecular weight
37.16 kDa
pI
10.71
function
major autolysin, cell elongation and separation
product
cell wall hydrolase (major autolysin),endopeptidase-type autolysin
essential
no
ec
3.4.-.-
synonyms
lytE, papQ, cwlF
Outlinks
Genomic Context
Categories containing this gene/protein
List of homologs in different organisms, belongs to COG1388 (Galperin et al., 2021)
This gene is a member of the following regulons
Gene
Coordinates
1,018,998 1,020,002
Phenotypes of a mutant
cell chain formation [pubmed|39012109]
a ''[gene|4F9D70C4BB4FCA809BEAC341C3F8122FB7FD8872|cwlO] [gene|321F248C22D7283C0F3323F1F4069E36F8D7FE6C|lytE]'' mutant is not viable [Pubmed|17581128,22139507]
a [gene|7A606B8E952AE8CA4F9A62008BA4B156725BB5B5|ugtP] [gene|321F248C22D7283C0F3323F1F4069E36F8D7FE6C|lytE] double mutant has a severe [wiki|cell shape] defect, thi can be suppressed by mutations resulting in reduced expression or activity of [protein|A8EEC896B279CFDDE9C3A6F146A04EC822E33A4F|PbpA] [pubmed|33087775]
growth defect at high temperature [Pubmed|21541672]
inactivation of ''[gene|321F248C22D7283C0F3323F1F4069E36F8D7FE6C|lytE]'' strongly restores beta-lactam resistance in a ''[gene|081DF3EE9FA56209D648C7677188C61CE3AA8E41|sigM]'' mutant by delaying cell lysis [Pubmed|22211522]
synthetically lethal with ''[gene|8BF7EB539B53D75BD30BD30ABF27106D6A0B030B|ftsE]'' and ''[gene|E22D0F0AC56DC95AFC02E7F55FCD5FAA44B6B490|ftsX]'' mutation (due to a lack of autolysin activity) [Pubmed|23869552,23855774]
synthetically lethal with [gene|0BC657B63EE124B17FDA7914262E706B2CC9ABC1|sweC] and [gene|5F184E491602D548AAE8E6D598BB742513770F73|sweD], this can be suppressed by point mutations in [gene|8BF7EB539B53D75BD30BD30ABF27106D6A0B030B|ftsE] or [gene|E22D0F0AC56DC95AFC02E7F55FCD5FAA44B6B490|ftsX] [pubmed|31437162]
a ''[gene|321F248C22D7283C0F3323F1F4069E36F8D7FE6C|lytE]'' mutation increases the cell separation defect of a ''[gene|E8B88CBE4F9121DFEEF099D7947CD1E1AE656160|lytF]'' mutant [Pubmed|23855774]
cells are thinner (reduced diameter) as compared to the wild type [Pubmed|23869552]
reduced colony size with accumulation of dead cells in the colonies [pubmed|29114240]
The protein
Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity
cleaves the peptide bond between D-Glu (position 2 in the peptioglycan peptide) and m-diamino pimelic acid (position 3) [Pubmed|18266855]
degradation of gamma-polyglutamic acid [pubmed|29458655]
Protein family
[wiki|Peptidase C40 family] (according to UniProt)
[wiki|Domains]
contains three N-acetylglucosamine-polymer-binding [wiki|LysM domain]s [Pubmed|18430080]
C-terminal D,L-endopeptidase domain ([wiki|NlpC/P60 domain]) [pubmed|29458655,22139507]
3 [wiki|LysM domain]s (aa 26-69, aa 86-129, aa 149-192) (according to UniProt)
Structure
[PDB|4XCM] (from Thermus thermophilus, 34% identity) [pubmed|25760608]
[AF|P54421]
Effectors of protein activity
activity requires functional [protein|A4C8719E06F774A6EB4D79757CC79CF89E453A54|mreB] and [protein|40829C3632E9DCEB9E1C14A674B4B217F504CFE0|mreBH] [Pubmed|23869552,16950129]
both enzymatic activities are inhibited by interaction with [protein|0CA55371306D4BD768CFA82027DCB4D581BCCB87|iseA] [pubmed|29458655]
activity is inhibited by Mg2+ [pubmed|35064120]
[wiki|Localization]
binds the cell wall [Pubmed|21261835]
localizes to cell septa, poles and lateral sidewall of the cell (via the N-terminal domain) [Pubmed|22139507]
localization to lateral cell wall depends on the interaction with [protein|40829C3632E9DCEB9E1C14A674B4B217F504CFE0|mreBH] [Pubmed|23869552]
Expression and Regulation
Operons
genes
[gene|321F248C22D7283C0F3323F1F4069E36F8D7FE6C|lytE]
description
[Pubmed|9573210]
regulation
induced at high temperature ([protein|search|SigI], [protein|search|WalR]) [Pubmed|24125693,21541672]
regulatory mechanism
[protein|7F340423A34CE40D1F1AA8D373F7C4B859A6496D|walR]: activation, [Pubmed|24125693,17581128], in [regulon|protein:7F340423A34CE40D1F1AA8D373F7C4B859A6496D|walR regulon]
[protein|2C54FE2ADC82FF414D732018C90649D477A925AD|spo0A]: repression, [Pubmed|14651647], in [regulon|protein:2C54FE2ADC82FF414D732018C90649D477A925AD|spo0A regulon]
sigma factors
[protein|360F48D576DE950DF79C1A2677B7A35A8D8CC30C|sigA]: sigma factor, [Pubmed|9573210], in [regulon|protein:360F48D576DE950DF79C1A2677B7A35A8D8CC30C|sigA regulon]
[protein|DC3449D5F195E5C2E9E14FEC95396C8F1FDF73B4|sigH]: sigma factor, [Pubmed|9573210], in [regulon|protein:DC3449D5F195E5C2E9E14FEC95396C8F1FDF73B4|sigH regulon]
[protein|3DEAC421B4B173C6BBC700E57790751B7AFDF319|sigI]: sigma factor, [Pubmed|21541672], in [regulon|protein:3DEAC421B4B173C6BBC700E57790751B7AFDF319|sigI regulon]
additional information
expression and/ or activity of LytE is controlled by the length of lipoteichoic acid [pubmed|36744964]
Biological materials
Mutant
1A790 ( ''lytE''::''cat''), [Pubmed|9457885], available at [http://pasture.asc.ohio-state.edu/BGSC/getdetail.cfm?bgscid=1A790&Search=1A790 BGSC]
1A792 ( ''lytE''::''cat''), [Pubmed|1588906], available at [http://pasture.asc.ohio-state.edu/BGSC/getdetail.cfm?bgscid=1A792&Search=1A792 BGSC]
1A1024 ( ''lytE''::''spec''), [Pubmed|20400548], available at [http://pasture.asc.ohio-state.edu/BGSC/getdetail.cfm?bgscid=1A1024&Search=1A1024 BGSC]
BKE09420 ([gene|321F248C22D7283C0F3323F1F4069E36F8D7FE6C|lytE]::erm trpC2) available at [http://bgsc.org/getdetail.php?bgscid=BKE09420 BGSC] and in [wiki|Jörg Stülke]'s lab, [Pubmed|28189581], upstream reverse: _UP1_CATATTTTCCTCCCCAAATG, downstream forward: _UP4_TAATTTTTAGAGAAAACCCG
BKK09420 ([gene|321F248C22D7283C0F3323F1F4069E36F8D7FE6C|lytE]::kan trpC2) available at [http://bgsc.org/getdetail.php?bgscid=BKK09420 BGSC], [Pubmed|28189581], upstream reverse: _UP1_CATATTTTCCTCCCCAAATG, downstream forward: _UP4_TAATTTTTAGAGAAAACCCG
FLAG-tag construct
GP2020 ''lytE-3xFLAG spec'' (based on [wiki|pGP1331]), available in [wiki|Jörg Stülke]'s lab
References
Reviews
Original Publications
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Time of last update: 2024-12-18 23:02:21
Author of last update: Jstuelk