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| * '''Description:''' [[transcription]]-repair coupling factor, eliminates genetic damage from transcriptionally active genes during [[sporulation]], required for increased mutagenesis of lagging strand genes <br/><br/>
| | {{#bank: Mfd}} |
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| {| align="right" border="1" cellpadding="2"
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Gene name'''
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| |''mfd''
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| |-
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Synonyms''' || '' ''
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| |-
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Essential''' || no
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Product''' || [[transcription]]-repair coupling factor
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| |-
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Function''' || promotes strand-specific DNA repair by displacing
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| [[RNA polymerase]] stalled at a nucleotide lesion and directing
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| the (A)BC excinuclease to the RNA damage site
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| |colspan="2" style="background:#FAF8CC;" align="center"| '''Gene expression levels in [http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/apps/expression/ ''Subti''Express]''': [http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/apps/expression/expression.php?search=BSU00550 mfd]
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| |colspan="2" style="background:#FAF8CC;" align="center"| '''Interactions involving this protein in [http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/interact/ ''Subt''Interact]''': [http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/interact/index.php?protein=Mfd Mfd]
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''MW, pI''' || 133 kDa, 5.367
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Gene length, protein length''' || 3531 bp, 1177 aa
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Immediate neighbours''' || ''[[fin]]'', ''[[spoVT]]''
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| |style="background:#FAF8CC;" align="center"|'''Sequences'''||[http://bsubcyc.org/BSUB/sequence-aa?type=GENE&object=BSU00550 Protein] [http://bsubcyc.org/BSUB/sequence?type=GENE&object=BSU00550 DNA] [http://bsubcyc.org/BSUB/seq-selector?chromosome=CHROM-1&object=BSU00550 DNA_with_flanks]
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| |colspan="2" | '''Genetic context''' <br/> [[Image:mfd_context.gif]]
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| <div align="right"> <small>This image was kindly provided by [http://genolist.pasteur.fr/SubtiList/ SubtiList]</small></div>
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| |colspan="2" |'''[http://genome.jouy.inra.fr/cgi-bin/seb/viewdetail.py?id=mfd_60430_63963_1 Expression at a glance]'''   {{PubMed|22383849}}<br/>[[Image:mfd_expression.png|500px|link=http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/apps/expression/expression.php?search=BSU00550]]
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| |-
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| |}
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| __TOC__
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| <br/><br/><br/><br/>
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| <br/><br/><br/><br/>
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| <br/><br/><br/><br/>
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| <br/><br/>
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|
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| = [[Categories]] containing this gene/protein =
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| {{SubtiWiki category|[[DNA repair/ recombination]]}},
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| {{SubtiWiki category|[[transcription]]}}
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|
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| = This gene is a member of the following [[regulons]] =
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| =The gene=
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| === Basic information ===
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| * '''Locus tag:''' BSU00550
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| ===Phenotypes of a mutant ===
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| * in an ''mfd'' knock-out, the cell's ability to accumulate adaptive mutations in stationary phase is depressed. [http://www.pubmed.com/16950921 PubMed]
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| * increased UV-induced mutagenesis via [[PolY1]]/ [[PolY2]]-mediated translesion synthesis {{PubMed|24118570}}
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| * the mutation suppresses the mucoid phenotype of ''[[motA]]'' or ''[[motB]]'' mutants {{PubMed|24296669}}
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| === Database entries ===
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| * '''BsubCyc:''' [http://bsubcyc.org/BSUB/NEW-IMAGE?type=NIL&object=BSU00550&redirect=T BSU00550]
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| * '''DBTBS entry:''' no entry
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| * '''SubtiList entry:''' [http://genolist.pasteur.fr/SubtiList/genome.cgi?gene_detail+BG10118]
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| === Additional information===
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| =The protein=
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| === Basic information/ Evolution ===
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| * '''Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:'''
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| ** promotes strand-specific DNA repair by displacing [[RNA polymerase]] stalled at a nucleotide lesion and directing the (A)BC excinuclease to the RNA damage site
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| ** is required for roadblock transcription repression by transcription factors with binding sites downstream of the promoter (as for [[CcpA]] {{PubMed|9535092}} and [[CodY]] {{PubMed|21699902}})
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| ** required for the processing of genetic damage during [[sporulation]] {{PubMed|24118570}}
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| * '''Protein family:'''
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| * '''Paralogous protein(s):''' [[RecG]]
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| === Extended information on the protein ===
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| * '''Kinetic information:'''
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| * '''[[Domains]]:'''
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| * '''Modification:'''
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| * '''[[Cofactors]]:'''
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| * '''Effectors of protein activity:'''
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| * '''[[SubtInteract|Interactions]]:'''
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| ** [[Mfd]] interacts with the [[RNA polymerase]] {{PubMed|21710567}}
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| ** [[Mfd]]-[[UvrA]] {{PubMed|16464004}}
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| ** [[Mfd]]-[[RpoB]] {{PubMed|20702425}}
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| * '''[[Localization]]:'''
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| === Database entries ===
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| * '''BsubCyc:''' [http://bsubcyc.org/BSUB/NEW-IMAGE?type=NIL&object=BSU00550&redirect=T BSU00550]
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| * '''Structure:'''
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| ** [http://www.proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/2eyq 2EYQ] (Mfd from ''E. coli'') {{PubMed|16469698}}
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| ** [http://www.pdb.org/pdb/explore/explore.do?structureId=3MLQ 3MLQ] (RNA polymerase interacting domain of ''Thermus thermophilus'' [[Mfd]] with the ''Thermus aquaticus'' [[RpoB]] beta1 domain) {{PubMed|20702425}}
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| * '''UniProt:''' [http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P37474 P37474]
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| * '''KEGG entry:''' [http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?bsu:BSU00550]
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| * '''E.C. number:'''
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| === Additional information===
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| =Expression and regulation=
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| * '''Operon:'''
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| * '''Expression browser:''' [http://genome.jouy.inra.fr/cgi-bin/seb/viewdetail.py?id=mfd_60430_63963_1 mfd] {{PubMed|22383849}}
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| * '''[[Sigma factor]]:'''
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| * '''Regulation:'''
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| ** expressed throughout growth and [[sporulation]], during [[sporulation]] both in the mother cell and the forespore {{PubMed|24118570}}
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| * '''Regulatory mechanism:'''
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| * '''Additional information:'''
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| ** number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium): 103 {{PubMed|24696501}}
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| ** number of protein molecules per cell (complex medium with amino acids, without glucose): 611 {{PubMed|24696501}}
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| =Biological materials =
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| * '''Mutant:''' GP1167 (del ermC), available in [[Jörg Stülke]]'s lab
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| * '''Expression vector:'''
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| * '''lacZ fusion:'''
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| * '''GFP fusion:''' GP1510 (spc, based on [[pGP1870]], [[pGP1389]]-derivative ), available in [[Jörg Stülke]]'s lab
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| * '''YFP fusion:''' GP1511 (spc, based on [[pGP1871]], [[pGP1389]]-derivative ), available in [[Jörg Stülke]]'s lab
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| * '''two-hybrid system:''' B. pertussis adenylate cyclase-based bacterial two hybrid system ([[BACTH]]), available in [[Fabian Commichau]]'s lab
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| * '''Antibody:'''
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| * '''Strep-tag construct:''' GP890 (spc, based on [[pGP1389]]), available in the [[Stülke]] lab
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| =Labs working on this gene/protein=
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| =Your additional remarks=
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| =References=
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| ==Reviews==
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| <pubmed>17239578 15063847 17917874 8811173 7968917 15720542 16464004 19023283 22201950 22749141 22933559 26132790</pubmed>
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| == Original publications ==
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| <pubmed>8594198,20435731 ,104170,16950921,9535092, 16469698 21699902 22178973 22248542 22960746 21710567,20702425 24296669 21145481 24118570 25326311 25961799 25713353</pubmed>
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| [[Category:Protein-coding genes]]
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