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| * '''Description:''' [[phosphorelay]] regulator, initiation of sporulation, coordinates [[DNA replication]] and initiation of [[sporulation]] by binding to sites close to the ''oriC'' <br/><br/>
| | {{#bank: Spo0A}} |
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| {| align="right" border="1" cellpadding="2"
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Gene name'''
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| |''spo0A''
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| |-
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Synonyms''' || ''spo0C, spo0G, spoIIL, sof-1 ''
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| |-
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Essential''' || no
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Product''' || [[phosphorelay]] response regulator
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| |-
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Function''' || initiation of sporulation
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| |colspan="2" style="background:#FAF8CC;" align="center"| '''Gene expression levels in [http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/apps/expression/ ''Subti''Express]''': [http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/apps/expression/expression.php?search=BSU24220 spo0A]
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| |colspan="2" style="background:#FAF8CC;" align="center"| '''Interactions involving this protein in [http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/interact/ ''Subt''Interact]''': [http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/interact/index.php?protein=Spo0A Spo0A]
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| |colspan="2" style="background:#FAF8CC;" align="center"| '''Metabolic function and regulation of this protein in [[SubtiPathways|''Subti''Pathways]]: <br/>[http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/subtipathways/search.php?enzyme=spo0A spo0A] '''
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''MW, pI''' || 29 kDa, 5.989
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Gene length, protein length''' || 801 bp, 267 aa
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Immediate neighbours''' || ''[[yqiG]]'', ''[[spoIVB]]''
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| |style="background:#FAF8CC;" align="center"|'''Sequences'''||[http://bsubcyc.org/BSUB/sequence-aa?type=GENE&object=BSU24220 Protein] [http://bsubcyc.org/BSUB/sequence?type=GENE&object=BSU24220 DNA] [http://bsubcyc.org/BSUB/seq-selector?chromosome=CHROM-1&object=BSU24220 DNA_with_flanks]
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| |colspan="2" | '''Genetic context''' <br/> [[Image:spo0A_context.gif]]
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| <div align="right"> <small>This image was kindly provided by [http://genolist.pasteur.fr/SubtiList/ SubtiList]</small></div>
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| |colspan="2" |'''[http://genome.jouy.inra.fr/cgi-bin/seb/viewdetail.py?id=spo0A_2518023_2518826_-1 Expression at a glance]'''   {{PubMed|22383849}}<br/>[[Image:spo0A_expression.png|500px|link=http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/apps/expression/expression.php?search=BSU24220]]
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| |-
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| |}
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| __TOC__
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| <br/><br/><br/><br/>
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| <br/><br/><br/><br/>
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| <br/><br/><br/><br/>
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| <br/><br/>
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|
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| = [[Categories]] containing this gene/protein =
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| {{SubtiWiki category|[[transcription factors and their control]]}},
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| {{SubtiWiki category|[[phosphorelay]]}},
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| {{SubtiWiki category|[[biofilm formation]]}},
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| {{SubtiWiki category|[[phosphoproteins]]}}
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|
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| = This gene is a member of the following [[regulons]] =
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| {{SubtiWiki regulon|[[SigH regulon]]}},
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| {{SubtiWiki regulon|[[Spo0A regulon]]}}
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|
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| =The [[Spo0A regulon]]=
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| =The gene=
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| === Basic information ===
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| * '''Locus tag:''' BSU24220
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| ===Phenotypes of a mutant ===
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| * inactivation of ''[[spo0A]]'' restores beta-lactam resistance in a ''[[sigM]]'' mutant {{PubMed|22211522}}
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| * altered cell death pattern in colonies {{PubMed|23012477}}
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| === Database entries ===
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| * '''BsubCyc:''' [http://bsubcyc.org/BSUB/NEW-IMAGE?type=NIL&object=BSU24220&redirect=T BSU24220]
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| * '''DBTBS entry:''' [http://dbtbs.hgc.jp/COG/prom/spo0A.html]
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| * '''SubtiList entry:''' [http://genolist.pasteur.fr/SubtiList/genome.cgi?gene_detail+BG10765]
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| === Additional information===
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| =The protein=
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| === Basic information/ Evolution ===
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| * '''Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:'''
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| ** activation of gene expression at the onset of [[sporulation]] ([[Spo0A regulon]])
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| ** coordination between [[DNA replication]] and initiation of [[sporulation]] by binding to sites close to the ''oriC'' (this limits re-initiation of replication) {{PubMed|23301687}}
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| * '''Protein family:'''
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| * '''Paralogous protein(s):'''
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| === Extended information on the protein ===
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| * '''Kinetic information:'''
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| * '''Domains:'''
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| * '''Modification:''' receives phosphorylation from [[Spo0B]], dephosphorylation by [[Spo0E]], direct phosphorylation by [[KinC]] upon potassium leakage {{PubMed|19114652}}
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| * '''Cofactor(s):'''
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| * '''Effectors of protein activity:'''
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| ** the phosphorylation state affects DNA binding activity
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| ** interaction with [[MecA]] inhibits the transcriptional activity of [[Spo0A]]∼P {{PubMed|21435029}}
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| * '''[[SubtInteract|Interactions]]:'''
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| ** [[KinC]]-[[Spo0A]] {{PubMed|19114652}}
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| ** [[Spo0A]]-[[Spo0E]] {{PubMed|12067336}}
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| ** [[Spo0A]]-[[SigA]] {{PubMed|14976210}}
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| ** [[Spo0A]]-[[Spo0B]]
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| ** [[SinI]]-[[Spo0A]] {{PubMed|21326214}}
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| ** [[MecA]]-[[Spo0A]] {{PubMed|21435029}}
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| * '''[[Localization]]:'''
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| === Database entries ===
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| * '''BsubCyc:''' [http://bsubcyc.org/BSUB/NEW-IMAGE?type=NIL&object=BSU24220&redirect=T BSU24220]
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| * '''Structure:''' [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1QMP 1QMP] (with phosphorylated aspartate, ''Geobacillus stearothermophilus''), [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1FC3 1FC3] (trans-activation domain, ''Geobacillus stearothermophilus''), [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1LQ1 1LQ1] (complex with DNA)
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| * '''UniProt:''' [http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P06534 P06534]
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| * '''KEGG entry:''' [http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?bsu:BSU24220]
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| * '''E.C. number:'''
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| === Additional information===
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| =Expression and regulation=
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| * '''Operon:''' ''spo0A'' {{PubMed|11254139}}
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| * '''Expression browser:''' [http://genome.jouy.inra.fr/cgi-bin/seb/viewdetail.py?id=spo0A_2518023_2518826_-1 spo0A] {{PubMed|22383849}}
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| * '''[[Sigma factor]]:''' [[SigA]] {{PubMed|11254139,1569009}}, [[SigH]] {{PubMed|11254139,1569009}}
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| * '''Regulation:'''
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| ** repressed under conditions that trigger sporulation ([[Spo0A]]) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/1391039 PubMed]
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| ** repressed by casamino acids {{PubMed|15060025}}
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| ** repressed by [[SinR]] overexpression {{PubMed|9685500}}
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| ** repressed by [[soj]] {{PubMed|10852876}}
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| ** expression increases when drowth rate declines {{PubMed|21552330}}
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| * '''Regulatory mechanism:'''
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| ** [[Spo0A]]: transcription repression [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/1391039 PubMed]
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| ** [[Spo0A]] synthesis is subject to a post-transcriptional control mechanism such that translation of mRNAs originating from the [[SigA]]-dependent promoter is impeded due to RNA secondary structure {{PubMed|21949067}}
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| * '''Additional information:'''
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| ** number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium, exponential phase): 394 {{PubMed|21395229}}
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| ** number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium, early stationary phase after glucose exhaustion): 358 {{PubMed|21395229}}
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| ** number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium, late stationary phase after glucose exhaustion): 1763 {{PubMed|21395229}}
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| =Biological materials =
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| * '''Mutant:'''
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| ** BKG9 (''[[spo0A]]''::''aphA3''), available in [[Jörg Stülke]]'s lab
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| * '''Expression vector:'''
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| * '''lacZ fusion:'''
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| * '''GFP fusion:'''
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| * '''two-hybrid system:'''
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| * '''Antibody:'''
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| =Labs working on this gene/protein=
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| * [[Tony Wilkinson]], York University, U.K. [http://www.york.ac.uk/depts/chem/staff/ajw.html homepage]
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| * [[Imrich Barak]], Slovak Academy of Science, Bratislava, Slovakia [http://imb.savba.sk/~barak/ homepage]
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| * [[Charles Moran]], Emory University, NC, USA [http://www.microbiology.emory.edu/moran_c.html homepage]
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| =Your additional remarks=
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| =References=
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| ==Reviews==
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| <pubmed>19995980 20030732 20157337 11286862 20833318 20955377 22303284 24914187 </pubmed>
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|
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| ==The [[Spo0A regulon]]==
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| <pubmed>14651647,15687200, </pubmed>
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| ==Other original Publications==
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| <pubmed>14679239, 1569009 20413551 20404177 19528067, 19581368 , 8730857,2106683,3157992, 11254139, 12067336, 10869437, 16385044,9287005, 8127878, 9287022, 8231806, 1905258,16452424,2118505,8207022, 12176382, 9733708, 11069677,1391039,12730135, 2437099,8288522, 16166384, 9495766,2118512, 26165942 1556084, 18296515,7768874, 3145384, 19114652 20689749 1537790,9658000, 8509330,14762002, 1846779, 2981817, 9477965,8600030, 18840696, 1391039, 14976210, 19207565 11679073 12270811 11112444 18978066 20154131 14712656 17157871 15060025 9685500 10852876 21552330 22303282 22745669 23301687 23335417 23660663 25225273 25341802 26152584 23012477,23170957, 23169620,22412392, 21326214,21435029, 21478340,21622736, 21949067, 21980382,22211522 23927765 24123822 </pubmed>
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| [[Category:Protein-coding genes]]
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