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| * '''Description:''' multifunctional protein involved in homologous recombination and DNA repair ([[LexA]]-autocleavage), required to internalize and to recombine ssDNA with homologous resident duplex, required for efficient survival and replication restart after replication-transcription conflicts<br/><br/>
| | {{#bank: RecA}} |
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| {| align="right" border="1" cellpadding="2"
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Gene name'''
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| |''recA''
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| |-
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Synonyms''' || ''recE ''
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| |-
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Essential''' || no
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Product''' || multifunctional protein involved in homologous <br/>recombination and DNA repair ([[LexA]]-autocleavage)
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| |-
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Function''' || [[DNA repair/ recombination]]
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| |colspan="2" style="background:#FAF8CC;" align="center"| '''Gene expression levels in [http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/apps/expression/ ''Subti''Express]''': [http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/apps/expression/expression.php?search=BSU16940 recA]
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| |colspan="2" style="background:#FAF8CC;" align="center"| '''Interactions involving this protein in [http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/interact/ ''Subt''Interact]''': [http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/interact/index.php?protein=RecA RecA]
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''MW, pI''' || 37 kDa, 4.883
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Gene length, protein length''' || 1041 bp, 347 aa
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Immediate neighbours''' || ''[[cinA]]'', ''[[pbpX]]''
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| |style="background:#FAF8CC;" align="center"|'''Sequences'''||[http://bsubcyc.org/BSUB/sequence-aa?type=GENE&object=BSU16940 Protein] [http://bsubcyc.org/BSUB/sequence?type=GENE&object=BSU16940 DNA] [http://bsubcyc.org/BSUB/seq-selector?chromosome=CHROM-1&object=BSU16940 DNA_with_flanks]
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| |colspan="2" | '''Genetic context''' <br/> [[Image:recA_context.gif]]
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| <div align="right"> <small>This image was kindly provided by [http://genolist.pasteur.fr/SubtiList/ SubtiList]</small></div>
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| |colspan="2" |'''[http://genome.jouy.inra.fr/cgi-bin/seb/viewdetail.py?id=recA_1764645_1765691_1 Expression at a glance]'''   {{PubMed|22383849}}<br/>[[Image:recA_expression.png|500px|link=http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/apps/expression/expression.php?search=BSU16940]]
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| |}
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| __TOC__
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| <br/><br/><br/><br/>
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| <br/><br/><br/><br/>
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| <br/><br/><br/><br/>
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| <br/><br/><br/>
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|
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| = [[Categories]] containing this gene/protein =
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| {{SubtiWiki category|[[DNA repair/ recombination]]}},
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| {{SubtiWiki category|[[genetic competence]]}},
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| {{SubtiWiki category|[[phosphoproteins]]}},
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| [[most abundant proteins]]
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|
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| = This gene is a member of the following [[regulons]] =
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| {{SubtiWiki regulon|[[ComK regulon]]}},
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| {{SubtiWiki regulon|[[LexA regulon]]}}
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|
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| =The gene=
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| === Basic information ===
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| * '''Locus tag:''' BSU16940
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| ===Phenotypes of a mutant ===
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| * drastically reduced survival of mature dormant spores after exposure to ultrahigh vacuum desiccation and ionizing radiation that induce single strand (ss) DNA nicks and double-strand breaks (DSBs) {{PubMed|24285298}}
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|
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| === Database entries ===
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| * '''BsubCyc:''' [http://bsubcyc.org/BSUB/NEW-IMAGE?type=NIL&object=BSU16940&redirect=T BSU16940]
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| * '''DBTBS entry:''' [http://dbtbs.hgc.jp/COG/prom/recA.html]
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| * '''SubtiList entry:''' [http://genolist.pasteur.fr/SubtiList/genome.cgi?gene_detail+BG10721]
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|
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| === Additional information===
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| RecA filaments are dismantled from DNA by [[PcrA]] {{PubMed|20723756}}
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|
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| =The protein=
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|
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| === Basic information/ Evolution ===
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| * '''Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:'''
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| ** RecA stimulates ssDNA phosphorylase activity of [[PnpA]] {{PubMed|21859751}}
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| ** RecA-ATP in concert with [[DprA]] and [[SsbA]] catalyzes DNA strand exchange, with [[SsbB]] as an accessory factor {{PubMed|25138221}}
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| ** RecA-dATP catalyzes strand exchange even in the absence of the accessory factors {{PubMed|25138221}}
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| * '''Protein family:''' recA family (according to Swiss-Prot)
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| * '''Paralogous protein(s):'''
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|
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| === Extended information on the protein ===
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| * '''Kinetic information:'''
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| * '''[[Domains]]:'''
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| * '''Modification:'''
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| ** phosphorylated on Arg-58 {{PubMed|22517742}}
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| ** phosphorylated on Ser-2 {{PubMed|20509597}} by [[YabT]] {{PubMed|23634894}}
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| * '''[[Cofactors]]:'''
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| * '''Effectors of protein activity:'''
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| ** [[RecO]] and [[DprA]] provide [[RecA]] access to ssDNA during chromosomal transformation {{PubMed|22373918}}
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| * '''[[SubtInteract|Interactions]]:'''
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| ** [[RecA]]-[[DprA]] {{PubMed|17803906,17630974}}
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| ** [[RecA]]-[[RecU]] {{PubMed|16024744}}
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| ** [[RecA]]-[[ComFA]] {{PubMed|17630974}}
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| ** [[SsbB]]-[[RecA]] {{PubMed|17630974}}
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| ** [[YabT]]-[[RecA]] {{PubMed|23634894}}
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| * '''[[Localization]]:'''
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| ** colocalizes to the [[replisome]] in response to endogenous and exogenous DNA damage and in response to damage-independent fork arrest (formation of DNA repair centers), repair center formation depends on [[RecO]] and [[RecR]], and is facilitated by [[RecF]] and [[SsbA]] {{PubMed|24891441}}
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| ** Nucleoid (Mid-cell) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/16479537 PubMed]
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| ** localizes to one cell pole {{PubMed|21278288}}
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| ** forms a transient, mobile focus associated with the chromosome during spore development {{PubMed|23634894}}
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|
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| === Database entries ===
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| * '''BsubCyc:''' [http://bsubcyc.org/BSUB/NEW-IMAGE?type=NIL&object=BSU16940&redirect=T BSU16940]
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| * '''Structure:''' [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/explore.do?structureId=1U94 1U94] (RecA from ''E. coli'', 62% identity, 86% similarity)
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| * '''UniProt:''' [http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16971 P16971]
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| * '''KEGG entry:''' [http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?bsu:BSU16940]
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| * '''E.C. number:'''
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| === Additional information===
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| =Expression and regulation=
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| * '''Operon:''' ''recA'' {{PubMed|7690748}}
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| * '''Expression browser:''' [http://genome.jouy.inra.fr/cgi-bin/seb/viewdetail.py?id=recA_1764645_1765691_1 recA] {{PubMed|22383849}}
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| * '''[[Sigma factor]]:''' [[SigA]] {{PubMed|7690748}}
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| * '''Regulation:'''
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| ** induced by DNA damage ([[LexA]]) {{PubMed|8226626,11555642,16267290}}
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| ** induced by conditions that trigger development of genetic competence ([[ComK]]) {{PubMed|7690748}}
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| * '''Regulatory mechanism:'''
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| ** [[LexA]]: transcription repression {{PubMed|8226626,11555642,16267290}}
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| ** [[ComK]]: transcription activation {{PubMed|7690748}}
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| * '''Additional information:'''
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| ** belongs to the 100 [[most abundant proteins]] {{PubMed|15378759}}
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| ** number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium): 417 {{PubMed|24696501}}
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| ** number of protein molecules per cell (complex medium with amino acids, without glucose): 1257 {{PubMed|24696501}}
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| ** number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium, exponential phase): 5143 {{PubMed|21395229}}
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| ** number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium, early stationary phase after glucose exhaustion): 3169 {{PubMed|21395229}}
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| ** number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium, late stationary phase after glucose exhaustion): 4953 {{PubMed|21395229}}
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| =Biological materials =
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| * '''Mutant:'''
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| ** IRN444 (cat), available in [[Jörg Stülke]]'s lab
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| ** 1A746 (''recA''::''erm''), {{PubMed|1391055}}, available at [http://pasture.asc.ohio-state.edu/BGSC/getdetail.cfm?bgscid=1A746&Search=1A746 BGSC]
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| ** 1A786 (''recA''::''kan''), {{PubMed|11208805}}, available at [http://pasture.asc.ohio-state.edu/BGSC/getdetail.cfm?bgscid=1A786&Search=1A786 BGSC]
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| ** BP469 (''recA''::''erm''), available in [[Fabian Commichau]]'s lab
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| * '''Expression vector:''' for expression, purification in ''E. coli'' with N-terminal His-tag, pRSETA available in [[Ulf Gerth]]'s lab
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| * '''lacZ fusion:'''
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| * '''GFP fusion:'''
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| * '''two-hybrid system:''' B. pertussis adenylate cyclase-based bacterial two hybrid system ([[BACTH]]), available in [[Fabian Commichau]]'s lab
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| * '''Antibody:'''
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| =Labs working on this gene/protein=
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| [[Peter Graumann]], Freiburg University, Germany [http://www.biologie.uni-freiburg.de/data/bio2/graumann/index.htm homepage]
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| =Your additional remarks=
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| =References=
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| ==Reviews==
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| <pubmed> 14527291 12045091 10506835 14616075 21517913 23046409 23380520 22933559 </pubmed>
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| ==Original publications==
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| <pubmed>11814663,16061691,19060143,17803906,16024744,17630974,8226626,11555642, 16479537 19730681 7690748 17229847,16267290 20509597 20723756 17449621 21278288 22373918 22517742 23284295 23536821 21859751 23634894 23779106 24285298 24285298 24373815 15378759 24362571 8899710 24670664 24891441 25138221 25169108 25939832</pubmed>
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| [[Category:Protein-coding genes]]
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