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| * '''Description:''' acetolactate decarboxylase <br/><br/>
| | {{#bank: AlsD}} |
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| {| align="right" border="1" cellpadding="2"
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Gene name'''
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| |''alsD''
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| |-
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Synonyms''' || '' ''
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Essential''' || no
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Product''' || acetolactate decarboxylase)
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Function''' || overflow metabolism
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''MW, pI''' || 28 kDa, 4.603
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Gene length, protein length''' || 765 bp, 255 aa
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Immediate neighbours''' || ''[[ywrO]]'', ''[[alsS]]''
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| |colspan="2" style="background:#FAF8CC;" align="center"|'''Get the DNA and protein [http://srs.ebi.ac.uk/srsbin/cgi-bin/wgetz?-e+[EMBLCDS:CAB15617]+-newId sequences] <br/> (Barbe ''et al.'', 2009)'''
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| |colspan="2" | '''Genetic context''' <br/> [[Image:alsD_context.gif]]
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| <div align="right"> <small>This image was kindly provided by [http://genolist.pasteur.fr/SubtiList/ SubtiList]</small></div>
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| |}
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| __TOC__
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| <br/><br/>
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| =The gene=
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| === Basic information ===
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| * '''Locus tag:''' BSU36000
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| ===Phenotypes of a mutant ===
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| === Database entries ===
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| * '''DBTBS entry:''' [http://dbtbs.hgc.jp/COG/prom/alsSD.html]
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| * '''SubtiList entry:''' [http://genolist.pasteur.fr/SubtiList/genome.cgi?gene_detail+BG10472]
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| === Additional information===
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| =The protein=
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| === Basic information/ Evolution ===
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| * '''Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:''' (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate = (3R)-3-hydroxybutan-2-one + CO<sub>2</sub> (according to Swiss-Prot)
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| * '''Protein family:''' alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase family (according to Swiss-Prot)
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| * '''Paralogous protein(s):'''
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| === Extended information on the protein ===
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| * '''Kinetic information:'''
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| * '''Domains:'''
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| * '''Modification:''' phosphorylated on ser/ thr/ tyr [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16493705 PubMed]
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| * '''Cofactor(s):'''
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| * '''Effectors of protein activity:'''
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| * '''Interactions:'''
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| * '''Localization:'''
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| === Database entries ===
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| * '''Structure:'''
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| * '''Swiss prot entry:''' [http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q04777 Q04777]
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| * '''KEGG entry:''' [http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?bsu+BSU36000]
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| * '''E.C. number:''' [http://www.expasy.org/enzyme/4.1.1.5 4.1.1.5]
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| === Additional information===
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| =Expression and regulation=
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| * '''Operon:''' ''[[alsS]]-[[alsD]]'' [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/7685336 PubMed]
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| * '''[[Sigma factor]]:''' [[SigA]] [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/7685336 PubMed]
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| * '''Regulation:''' induction by acetate ([[AlsR]]) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/7685336 PubMed], repressed as long as terminal electron acceptors are available for respiration ([[Rex]]) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/16428414 PubMed]
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| Note: since acetate formation requires ''[[ackA]]'' activation by [[CcpA]] there is an indirect effect of [[CcpA]] on the ''alsSD'' operon: the operon is not expressed in ''[[ccpA]]'' mutants
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| * '''Regulatory mechanism:''' [[AlsR]]: transcription activation in the presence of acetate [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/7685336 PubMed], [[Rex]]: transcription repression if the ratio NADH2/NAD is high [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/16428414 PubMed]
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| * '''Additional information:'''
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| =Biological materials =
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| * '''Mutant:'''
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| * '''Expression vector:'''
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| * '''lacZ fusion:'''
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| * '''GFP fusion:'''
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| * '''two-hybrid system:'''
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| * '''Antibody:'''
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| =Labs working on this gene/protein=
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| =Your additional remarks=
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| =References=
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| <pubmed>16493705 7685336 16428414, </pubmed>
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| # Lévine et al. (2006) Analysis of the dynamic ''Bacillus subtilis'' Ser/Thr/Tyr phosphoproteome implicated in a wide variety of cellular processes. ''Proteomics'' '''6:''' 2157-2173 [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16493705 PubMed]
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| # Renna, M. C., Najimudin, N., Winik, L. R., and Zahler, S. A. (1993). Regulation of the ''Bacillus subtilis alsS'', ''alsD'', and ''alsR'' genes involved in post-exponential-phase production of acetoin. J. Bacteriol. 175, 3863-3875. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/7685336 PubMed]
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| # Reents, H., R. Münch, T. Dammeyer, D. Jahn, and E. Härtig. 2006. The Fnr regulon of ''Bacillus subtilis''. J. Bacteriol. 188: 1103-1112. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/16428414 PubMed]
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| # Author1, Author2 & Author3 (year) Title ''Journal'' '''volume:''' page-page. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/PMID PubMed]
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