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| * '''Description:''' osmo-sensing [[two-component systems|two-component]] sensor [[protein kinases and phosphatases|kinase]], phosphorylates [[Spo0F]], part of the [[phosphorelay]], checkpoint protein that links [[sporulation]] initiation to [[biofilm formation]] <br/><br/>
| | {{#bank: KinD}} |
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| {| align="right" border="1" cellpadding="2"
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Gene name'''
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| |''kinD''
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Synonyms''' || ''ykvD ''
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Essential''' || no
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Product''' || [[two-component systems|two-component]] sensor kinase
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Function''' || initiation of sporulation
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| |colspan="2" style="background:#FAF8CC;" align="center"| '''Gene expression levels in [http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/apps/expression/ ''Subti''Express]''': [http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/apps/expression/expression.php?search=BSU13660 kinD]
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| |colspan="2" style="background:#FAF8CC;" align="center"| '''Interactions involving this protein in [http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/interact/ ''Subt''Interact]''': [http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/interact/index.php?protein=KinD KinD]
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| |colspan="2" style="background:#FAF8CC;" align="center"| '''Function and regulation of this protein in [[SubtiPathways|''Subti''Pathways]]: <br/>[http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/subtipathways/search.php?enzyme=kinD kinD]'''
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''MW, pI''' || 56 kDa, 6.745
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Gene length, protein length''' || 1518 bp, 506 aa
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Immediate neighbours''' || ''[[eag]]'', ''[[mhqR]]''
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| |style="background:#FAF8CC;" align="center"|'''Sequences'''||[http://bsubcyc.org/BSUB/sequence-aa?type=GENE&object=BSU13660 Protein] [http://bsubcyc.org/BSUB/sequence?type=GENE&object=BSU13660 DNA] [http://bsubcyc.org/BSUB/seq-selector?chromosome=CHROM-1&object=BSU13660 DNA_with_flanks]
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| |colspan="2" | '''Genetic context''' <br/> [[Image:kinD_context.gif]]
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| <div align="right"> <small>This image was kindly provided by [http://genolist.pasteur.fr/SubtiList/ SubtiList]</small></div>
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| |colspan="2" |'''[http://genome.jouy.inra.fr/cgi-bin/seb/viewdetail.py?id=kinD_1431486_1433006_-1 Expression at a glance]'''   {{PubMed|22383849}}<br/>[[Image:kinD_expression.png|500px|link=http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/apps/expression/expression.php?search=BSU13660]]
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| |}
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| __TOC__
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| <br/><br/><br/><br/>
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| <br/><br/><br/><br/>
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| <br/><br/><br/><br/>
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| <br/><br/>
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| = [[Categories]] containing this gene/protein =
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| {{SubtiWiki category|[[protein modification]]}},
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| {{SubtiWiki category|[[transcription factors and their control]]}},
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| {{SubtiWiki category|[[phosphorelay]]}},
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| {{SubtiWiki category|[[biofilm formation]]}},
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| {{SubtiWiki category|[[membrane proteins]]}},
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| {{SubtiWiki category|[[phosphoproteins]]}}
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| = This gene is a member of the following [[regulons]] =
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| =The gene=
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| === Basic information ===
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| * '''Locus tag:''' BSU13660
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| ===Phenotypes of a mutant ===
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| * deletion of ''kinD'' suppresses the [[sporulation]] defect of matrix mutants, while its overproduction delays [[sporulation]] {{PubMed|20689749}}
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| * inactivation of ''[[kinD]]'' restores beta-lactam resistance in a ''[[sigM]]'' mutant {{PubMed|22211522}}
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| === Database entries ===
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| * '''BsubCyc:''' [http://bsubcyc.org/BSUB/NEW-IMAGE?type=NIL&object=BSU13660&redirect=T BSU13660]
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| * '''DBTBS entry:''' no entry
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| * '''SubtiList entry:''' [http://genolist.pasteur.fr/SubtiList/genome.cgi?gene_detail+BG13309]
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| === Additional information===
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| =The protein=
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| === Basic information/ Evolution ===
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| * '''Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:'''
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| ** autophosphorylation, phosphorylation of [[Spo0F]], regulates the onset of sporulation by inhibiting the activity of [[Spo0A]] until matrix, or a component therein, is sensed [http://mbio.asm.org/content/1/1/e00035-10.full PubMed]
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| ** dual role as a [[protein kinases and phosphatases|phosphatase]] or a [[protein kinases and phosphatases|kinase]], activity is linked to the presence of extracellular matrix in the biofilms {{PubMed|20689749}}
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| ** mainly active in the younger, outer regions of a colony (with [[KinC]]) {{PubMed|21097618}}
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| * '''Protein family:'''
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| * '''Paralogous protein(s):'''
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| === Extended information on the protein ===
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| * '''Kinetic information:'''
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| * '''Domains:'''
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| ** two transmembrane segments, between them the extracellular pyruvate-binding sensing domain that consists of tandem PAS-like domains {{PubMed|23436677,22716461}}
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| ** C-terminal histidine phosphotransferase domain
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| ** see {{PubMed|22716461}} for a scheme of the domain organization
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| * '''Modification:''' autophosphorylation on a His residue
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| * '''Cofactor(s):'''
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| * '''Effectors of protein activity:'''
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| ** activity is stimulated by direct or indirect interaction with [[Med]] {{PubMed|21622736}}
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| ** L-malate seems to trigger KinD activity {{PubMed|22716461}}, but this effect may be indirect due to the excretion of pyruvate that directly binds the extracytoplasmic sensing domain of KinD {{PubMed|23436677}}
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| ** kinase activity is triggered and phosphatase activity is decreased by increased osmotic pressure {{PubMed|22882172}}
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| ** activity is triggered in the presence of glycerol + manganese {{PubMed|23564171}}
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| * '''[[SubtInteract|Interactions]]:'''
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| ** [[KinD]]-[[Spo0F]]
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| * '''[[Localization]]:''' membrane
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| === Database entries ===
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| * '''BsubCyc:''' [http://bsubcyc.org/BSUB/NEW-IMAGE?type=NIL&object=BSU13660&redirect=T BSU13660]
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| * '''Structure:''' [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/cgi/explore.cgi?pdbId=4DBJ 4DBJ] (extracytoplasmic sensing domain) {{PubMed|23436677}}
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| * '''UniProt:''' [http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O31671 O31671]
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| * '''KEGG entry:''' [http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?bsu:BSU13660]
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| * '''E.C. number:'''
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| === Additional information===
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| =Expression and regulation=
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| * '''Operon:'''
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| * '''Expression browser:''' [http://genome.jouy.inra.fr/cgi-bin/seb/viewdetail.py?id=kinD_1431486_1433006_-1 kinD] {{PubMed|22383849}}
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| * '''[[Sigma factor]]:'''
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| * '''Regulation:'''
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| * '''Regulatory mechanism:'''
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| * '''Additional information:'''
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| =Biological materials =
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| * '''Mutant:'''
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| * '''Expression vector:'''
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| * '''lacZ fusion:'''
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| * '''GFP fusion:'''
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| * '''two-hybrid system:'''
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| * '''Antibody:'''
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| =Labs working on this gene/protein=
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| =Your additional remarks=
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| =References=
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| <pubmed>10094672,11069677,20689749 , 21097618 22074846 22716461 22882172 23436677 23564171 21622736,22211522</pubmed>
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| [[Category:Protein-coding genes]]
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