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| * '''Description:''' pyruvate kinase, glycolytic enzyme <br/><br/>
| | {{#bank: Pyk}} |
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| {| align="right" border="1" cellpadding="2"
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Gene name'''
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| |''pyk''
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Synonyms''' || ''pykA''
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Essential''' || no
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Product''' || pyruvate kinase
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Function''' || catabolic enzyme in glycolysis
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''MW, pI''' || 61,9 kDa, 4.88
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Gene length, protein length''' || 1755 bp, 585 amino acids
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| |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Immediate neighbours''' || ''[[pfkA]]'', ''[[ytzA]]''
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| |colspan="2" style="background:#FAF8CC;" align="center"|'''Get the DNA and protein [http://srs.ebi.ac.uk/srsbin/cgi-bin/wgetz?-e+[EMBLCDS:CAB14878]+-newId sequences] <br/> (Barbe ''et al.'', 2009)'''
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| |colspan="2" | '''Genetic context''' <br/> [[Image:pyk_context.gif]]
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| <div align="right"> <small>This image was kindly provided by [http://genolist.pasteur.fr/SubtiList/ SubtiList]</small></div>
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| |}
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| __TOC__
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| <br/><br/>
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| =The gene=
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| === Basic information ===
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| * '''Coordinates:''' 2983830 - 2985584
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| ===Phenotypes of a mutant ===
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| Unable to grow with non-PTS carbohydrates (such as glucitol or glycerol) as single carbon source.
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| === Database entries ===
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| * '''DBTBS entry:''' [http://dbtbs.hgc.jp/COG/prom/pfkA-pyk-ytzA.html]
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| * '''SubtiList entry:''' [http://genolist.pasteur.fr/SubtiList/genome.cgi?gene_detail+BG12661]
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| === Additional information===
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| =The protein=
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| === Basic information/ Evolution ===
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| * '''Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:''' ADP + phosphoenolpyruvate --> ATP + pyruvate, the reaction is irreversible under physiological conditions
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| * '''Protein family:''' PEP-utilizing enzyme family (according to Swiss-Prot) pyruvate kinase family, (C-terminal section: PEP-utilizing enzyme family)
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| * '''Paralogous protein(s):'''
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| === Extended information on the protein ===
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| * '''Kinetic information:'''
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| * '''Domains:'''
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| * '''Modification:''' phosphorylation on Ser36 [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17218307 PubMed], [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16493705 PubMed], phosphorylation on Ser536 or Ser546 [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17726680 PubMed]
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| * '''Cofactor(s):''' magnesium ion, potassium
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| * '''Effectors of protein activity:''' activated by PEP [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/4623707 PubMed]
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| * '''Interactions:'''
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| * '''Localization:''' cytoplasm [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/16479537 PubMed]
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| === Database entries ===
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| * '''Structure:''' [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2E28 2E28] (Geobacillus stearothermophilus), 2E28 (from ''Geobacillus stearothermophilus'') [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/mmdb/mmdbsrv.cgi?Dopt=s&uid=62183 NCBI]
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| * '''Swiss prot entry:''' [http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P80885]
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| * '''KEGG entry:''' [http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?bsu+BSU29180 BSU29180]
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| * '''E.C. number:''' [http://www.expasy.org/enzyme/2.7.1.40 2.7.1.40]
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| === Additional information===
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| =Expression and regulation=
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| * '''Operon:''' ''[[pfkA]] [[pyk]]'' [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/11489127 PubMed]
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| * '''Sigma factor:'''
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| * '''Regulation:''' twofold induced by glucose [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/11489127 PubMed]
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| * '''Regulatory mechanism:'''
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| * '''Additional information:'''
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| =Biological materials =
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| * '''Mutant:''' GP590 (cat), available in [[Stülke]] lab
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| * '''Expression vector:'''
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| Expression in ''E. coli'', N-terminal His-tag: pGP1100 (in [[pWH844]]), available in [[Stülke]] lab
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| Expression in ''B. subtilis'', native protein: pGP1411 (in [[pBQ200]]), available in [[Stülke]] lab
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| Expression in ''B. subtilis'', N-terminal Strep-tag: pGP1409 (in [[pGP380]]), available in [[Stülke]] lab
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| Expression in ''B. subtilis'', C-terminal Strep-tag: pGP1410 (in [[pGP382]]), available in [[Stülke]] lab
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| * '''lacZ fusion:''' see ''[[pfkA]]''
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| * '''GFP fusion:'''
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| * '''two-hybrid system:''' ''B. pertussis'' adenylate cyclase-based bacterial two hybrid system ([[BACTH]]), available in [[Stülke]] lab
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| * '''Antibody:'''
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| =Labs working on this gene/protein=
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| [[Stülke|Jörg Stülke]], University of Göttingen, Germany [http://wwwuser.gwdg.de/~genmibio/stuelke.html Homepage]
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| =Your additional remarks=
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| =References=
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| # Eymann et al. (2007) Dynamics of protein phosphorylation on Ser/Thr/Tyr in ''Bacillus subtilis''. ''Proteomics'' '''7:''' 3509-3526. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17726680 PubMed]
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| # Lévine et al. (2006) Analysis of the dynamic ''Bacillus subtilis'' Ser/Thr/Tyr phosphoproteome implicated in a wide variety of cellular processes. ''Proteomics'' '''6:''' 2157-2173 [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16493705 PubMed]
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| # Ludwig, H., Homuth, G., Schmalisch, M., Dyka, F. M., Hecker, M., and Stülke, J. (2001) Transcription of glycolytic genes and operons in ''Bacillus subtilis'': evidence for the presence of multiple levels of control of the ''gapA'' operon. Mol Microbiol 41, 409-422.[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/11489127 PubMed]
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| # Jannière, L., Canceill, D., Suski, C., Kanga, S., Dalmais, B., Lestini, R., Monnier, A. F., Chapuis, J., Bolotin, A., Titok, M., Le Chatelier, E., and Ehrlich, S. D. (2007) Genetic evidence for a link between glycolysis and DNA replication. PLoS ONE 2, e447. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/17505547 PubMed]
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| # Fry, B., Zhu, T., Domach, M. M., Koepsel, R. R., Phalakornkule, C., and Ataai, M. M. (2000) Characterization of growth and acid formation in a Bacillus subtilis pyruvate kinase mutant. Appl Env Microbiol 66: 4045-4049. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/10966427 PubMed]
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| # Macek et al. (2007) The serine/ threonine/ tyrosine phosphoproteome of the model bacterium ''Bacillus subtilis''. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 6: 697-707 [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17218307 PubMed]
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