PyrB

• Description: aspartate carbamoyltransferase
  
  

Gene name	pyrB
Synonyms
Essential	no
Product	aspartate carbamoyltransferase
Function	pyrimidine biosynthesis
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: pyrB
Metabolic function and regulation of this protein in SubtiPathways: Pyrimidines, Nucleotides (regulation)
MW, pI	34 kDa, 5.341
Gene length, protein length	912 bp, 304 aa
Immediate neighbours	pyrP, pyrC
Get the DNA and protein sequences (Barbe et al., 2009)
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

biosynthesis/ acquisition of nucleotides, phosphoproteins

This gene is a member of the following regulons

PyrR regulon

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU15490

Database entries

• DBTBS entry: [1]

• SubtiList entry: [2]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity: Carbamoyl phosphate + L-aspartate = phosphate + N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Protein family: ATCase/OTCase family (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:

• Modification: phosphorylation on Ser-303 PubMed

• Cofactor(s):

• Effectors of protein activity:

• Interactions:

• Localization:

Database entries

• Structure: 3R7D PubMed

• UniProt: P05654

• KEGG entry: [3]

• E.C. number: 2.1.3.2

Additional information

• subject to Clp-dependent proteolysis upon glucose starvation PubMed

Expression and regulation

• Operon: pyrR-pyrP-pyrB-pyrC-pyrAA-pyrAB-pyrK-pyrD-pyrF-pyrE PubMed

• Expression browser: pyrB PubMed

• Sigma factor: SigA PubMed

• Regulation:
  • induced in the absence of uridine nucleotides (PyrR) PubMed

• Regulatory mechanism:
  • PyrR: RNA switch, transcription termination/ antitermination (in the presence of uridine nucleotides: termination, in their absence: antitermination) PubMed

• Additional information: subject to Clp-dependent proteolysis upon glucose starvation PubMed

Biological materials

• Mutant:

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

References

Katharine M Harris, Gregory M Cockrell, David E Puleo, Evan R Kantrowitz
Crystallographic snapshots of the complete catalytic cycle of the unregulated aspartate transcarbamoylase from Bacillus subtilis.
J Mol Biol: 2011, 411(1);190-200
[PubMed:21663747] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Birgit Hobl, Matthias Mack
The regulator protein PyrR of Bacillus subtilis specifically interacts in vivo with three untranslated regions within pyr mRNA of pyrimidine biosynthesis.
Microbiology (Reading): 2007, 153(Pt 3);693-700
[PubMed:17322189] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Boris Macek, Ivan Mijakovic, Jesper V Olsen, Florian Gnad, Chanchal Kumar, Peter R Jensen, Matthias Mann
The serine/threonine/tyrosine phosphoproteome of the model bacterium Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Cell Proteomics: 2007, 6(4);697-707
[PubMed:17218307] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Hesheng Zhang, Robert L Switzer
Transcriptional pausing in the Bacillus subtilis pyr operon in vitro: a role in transcriptional attenuation?
J Bacteriol: 2003, 185(16);4764-71
[PubMed:12896995] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Y Lu, R J Turner, R L Switzer
Roles of the three transcriptional attenuators of the Bacillus subtilis pyrimidine biosynthetic operon in the regulation of its expression.
J Bacteriol: 1995, 177(5);1315-25
[PubMed:7868607] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

P Hu, R L Switzer
Evidence for substrate stabilization in regulation of the degradation of Bacillus subtilis aspartate transcarbamylase in vivo.
Arch Biochem Biophys: 1995, 316(1);260-6
[PubMed:7840626] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

R J Turner, Y Lu, R L Switzer
Regulation of the Bacillus subtilis pyrimidine biosynthetic (pyr) gene cluster by an autogenous transcriptional attenuation mechanism.
J Bacteriol: 1994, 176(12);3708-22
[PubMed:8206849] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

C L Quinn, B T Stephenson, R L Switzer
Functional organization and nucleotide sequence of the Bacillus subtilis pyrimidine biosynthetic operon.
J Biol Chem: 1991, 266(14);9113-27
[PubMed:1709162] [WorldCat.org] (P p)

C G Lerner, R L Switzer
Cloning and structure of the Bacillus subtilis aspartate transcarbamylase gene (pyrB).
J Biol Chem: 1986, 261(24);11156-65
[PubMed:3015959] [WorldCat.org] (P p)

J S Brabson, M R Maurizi, R L Switzer
Aspartate transcarbamylase from Bacillus subtilis.
Methods Enzymol: 1985, 113;627-35
[PubMed:3937019] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

R W Bond, R L Switzer
Degradation of aspartate transcarbamylase in Bacillus subtilis is deficient in rel mutants but is not mediated by guanosine polyphosphates.
J Bacteriol: 1984, 158(2);746-8
[PubMed:6427186] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)