GlnR

• Description: transcriptional repressor (MerR family) of the glnR-glnA operon
  
  

Gene name	glnR
Synonyms
Essential	no
Product	transcription repressor (MerR family)
Function	regulation of glutamine synthesis
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: glnR
Interactions involving this protein in SubtInteract: GlnR
Metabolic function and regulation of this protein in SubtiPathways: glnR
MW, pI	15 kDa, 9.731
Gene length, protein length	405 bp, 135 aa
Immediate neighbours	ynbB, glnA
Sequences	Protein DNA DNA_with_flanks
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

biosynthesis/ acquisition of amino acids, glutamate metabolism, transcription factors and their control

This gene is a member of the following regulons

GlnR regulon, TnrA regulon

The GlnR regulon:

• glnR-glnA, tnrA, ureA-ureB-ureC

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU17450

Database entries

• BsubCyc: BSU17450

• DBTBS entry: [1]

• SubtiList entry: [2]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:

• Protein family: MerR family

• Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:

• Modification:

• Cofactor(s): feedback-inhibited GlnA PubMed

• Effectors of protein activity: activity is enhanced upon interaction of the C-terminal domain with GlnA PubMed

• Interactions:
  • GlnR-GlnA, with feedback-inhibited GlnA, this results in DNA binding PubMed

• Localization:

Database entries

• BsubCyc: BSU17450

• Structure:
  • [4R4E] (the GlnR-DNA complex) PubMed

• UniProt: P37582

• KEGG entry: [3]

• E.C. number:

Expression and regulation

• Operon: glnR-glnA PubMed

• Expression browser: glnR PubMed

• Sigma factor: SigA PubMed

• Regulation:
  • expressed in the absence of glutamine (GlnR) PubMed
  • repressed in the absence of good nitrogen sources (glutamine or ammonium) (TnrA) PubMed

• Regulatory mechanism:
  • GlnR-GlnA complex: transcription repression PubMed
  • TnrA: transcription repression PubMed

• Additional information:

Biological materials

• Mutant: BP148 (del(glnR-glnA)::cat), available in Fabian Commichau's lab

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion: pGP189 (in pAC7), available in Jörg Stülke's lab

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

Labs working on this gene/protein

Susan Fisher, Boston, USA homepage

References

Reviews

Katrin Gunka, Fabian M Commichau
Control of glutamate homeostasis in Bacillus subtilis: a complex interplay between ammonium assimilation, glutamate biosynthesis and degradation.
Mol Microbiol: 2012, 85(2);213-24
[PubMed:22625175] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Original publications

Maria A Schumacher, Naga Babu Chinnam, Bonnie Cuthbert, Nam K Tonthat, Travis Whitfill
Structures of regulatory machinery reveal novel molecular mechanisms controlling B. subtilis nitrogen homeostasis.
Genes Dev: 2015, 29(4);451-64
[PubMed:25691471] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Ksenia Fedorova, Airat Kayumov, Kathrin Woyda, Olga Ilinskaja, Karl Forchhammer
Transcription factor TnrA inhibits the biosynthetic activity of glutamine synthetase in Bacillus subtilis.
FEBS Lett: 2013, 587(9);1293-8
[PubMed:23535029] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Susan H Fisher, Lewis V Wray
Novel trans-Acting Bacillus subtilis glnA mutations that derepress glnRA expression.
J Bacteriol: 2009, 191(8);2485-92
[PubMed:19233925] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Lewis V Wray, Susan H Fisher
Bacillus subtilis GlnR contains an autoinhibitory C-terminal domain required for the interaction with glutamine synthetase.
Mol Microbiol: 2008, 68(2);277-85
[PubMed:18331450] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Susan H Fisher, Lewis V Wray
Bacillus subtilis glutamine synthetase regulates its own synthesis by acting as a chaperone to stabilize GlnR-DNA complexes.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A: 2008, 105(3);1014-9
[PubMed:18195355] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Jill M Zalieckas, Lewis V Wray, Susan H Fisher
Cross-regulation of the Bacillus subtilis glnRA and tnrA genes provides evidence for DNA binding site discrimination by GlnR and TnrA.
J Bacteriol: 2006, 188(7);2578-85
[PubMed:16547045] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Jaclyn L Brandenburg, Lewis V Wray, Lars Beier, Hanne Jarmer, Hans H Saxild, Susan H Fisher
Roles of PucR, GlnR, and TnrA in regulating expression of the Bacillus subtilis ure P3 promoter.
J Bacteriol: 2002, 184(21);6060-4
[PubMed:12374841] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

L V Wray, A E Ferson, S H Fisher
Expression of the Bacillus subtilis ureABC operon is controlled by multiple regulatory factors including CodY, GlnR, TnrA, and Spo0H.
J Bacteriol: 1997, 179(17);5494-501
[PubMed:9287005] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

L V Wray, A E Ferson, K Rohrer, S H Fisher
TnrA, a transcription factor required for global nitrogen regulation in Bacillus subtilis.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A: 1996, 93(17);8841-5
[PubMed:8799114] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

S W Brown, A L Sonenshein
Autogenous regulation of the Bacillus subtilis glnRA operon.
J Bacteriol: 1996, 178(8);2450-4
[PubMed:8636055] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

H J Schreier, S W Brown, K D Hirschi, J F Nomellini, A L Sonenshein
Regulation of Bacillus subtilis glutamine synthetase gene expression by the product of the glnR gene.
J Mol Biol: 1989, 210(1);51-63
[PubMed:2573733] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

M A Strauch, A I Aronson, S W Brown, H J Schreier, A L Sonenhein
Sequence of the Bacillus subtilis glutamine synthetase gene region.
Gene: 1988, 71(2);257-65
[PubMed:2906311] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)