YncD

• Description: spore coat alanine racemase
  
  

Gene name	yncD
Synonyms	alrB
Essential	no
Product	spore coat alanine racemase
Function	protection of the spore
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: yncD
Metabolic function and regulation of this protein in SubtiPathways: Alternative nitrogen sources
MW, pI	43 kDa, 9.593
Gene length, protein length	1182 bp, 394 aa
Immediate neighbours	yncC, yncE
Sequences	Protein DNA DNA_with_flanks
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

sporulation proteins, poorly characterized/ putative enzymes

This gene is a member of the following regulons

SigE regulon

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU17640

Database entries

• DBTBS entry: [1]

• SubtiList entry: [2]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity: L-alanine = D-alanine (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Protein family: alanine racemase family (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Paralogous protein(s): Alr

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:

• Modification:

• Cofactors:

• Effectors of protein activity:

• Interactions:

• Localization:
  • outer spore coat, localization depends on CotE PubMed

Database entries

• Structure:

• UniProt: P94494

• KEGG entry: [3]

• E.C. number: 5.1.1.1

Expression and regulation

• Operon: yncD (according to DBTBS)

• Expression browser: yncD PubMed

• Sigma factor: SigE PubMed

• Regulation:
  • expressed during sporulation in the mother cell (SigE) PubMed

• Regulatory mechanism:

• Additional information:

Biological materials

• Mutant:

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

References

Reviews

Peter T McKenney, Adam Driks, Patrick Eichenberger
The Bacillus subtilis endospore: assembly and functions of the multilayered coat.
Nat Rev Microbiol: 2013, 11(1);33-44
[PubMed:23202530] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Original publications

Peter T McKenney, Patrick Eichenberger
Dynamics of spore coat morphogenesis in Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Microbiol: 2012, 83(2);245-60
[PubMed:22171814] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Kara J Pierce, Samson P Salifu, Martin Tangney
Gene cloning and characterization of a second alanine racemase from Bacillus subtilis encoded by yncD.
FEMS Microbiol Lett: 2008, 283(1);69-74
[PubMed:18399999] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Leif Steil, Mónica Serrano, Adriano O Henriques, Uwe Völker
Genome-wide analysis of temporally regulated and compartment-specific gene expression in sporulating cells of Bacillus subtilis.
Microbiology (Reading): 2005, 151(Pt 2);399-420
[PubMed:15699190] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Andrea Feucht, Louise Evans, Jeff Errington
Identification of sporulation genes by genome-wide analysis of the sigmaE regulon of Bacillus subtilis.
Microbiology (Reading): 2003, 149(Pt 10);3023-3034
[PubMed:14523133] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)