Fur

• Description: transcription regulator of iron homoeostasis
  
  

Gene name	fur
Synonyms	yqkL
Essential	no
Product	transcriptional repressor Fur family
Function	regulation of iron homoeostasis and transcription of ferri-siderophore uptake genes
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: fur and transcription of ferri-siderophore uptake genes
Metabolic function and regulation of this protein in SubtiPathways: Metal ion homeostasis, Alternative nitrogen sources, Protein secretion
MW, pI	17 kDa, 5.374
Gene length, protein length	447 bp, 149 aa
Immediate neighbours	ripX, spoIIM
Get the DNA and protein sequences (Barbe et al., 2009)
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

• acquisition of iron,

iron metabolism, transcription factors and their control

• see also: glutamate metabolism

This gene is a member of the following regulons

PerR regulon

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU23520

Phenotypes of a mutant

• no growth with glucose and ammonium as single sources of carbon and nitrogen, respectively (due to FsrA-mediated repression of the gltA-gltB operon) PubMed
• poor frowth on lactate as single carbon source (due to overexpression of FsrA-mediated repression of the lutA-lutB-lutC operon, can be suppressed by inactivation of fsrA or fbpB) PubMed
• transcription profile of a fur mutant strain: GEO PubMed

Database entries

• DBTBS entry: [1]

• SubtiList entry: [2]

• GEO entry: GEO PubMed

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:

• Protein family: Fur family

• Paralogous protein(s): PerR, Zur

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:

• Modification:

• Cofactor(s): contains an iron-sulfur cluster

• Effectors of protein activity:
  • DNA binding activity (repression) is triggered by binding of Fe(II) PubMed

• Interactions:

• Localization: cytoplasm (according to Swiss-Prot)

Database entries

• Structure:

• UniProt: P54574

• KEGG entry: [3]

• E.C. number:

Expression and regulation

• Operon: fur PubMed

• Expression browser: fur PubMed

• Sigma factor: SigA PubMed

• Regulation:
  • repressed in the absence of hydrogen peroxide (PerR) PubMed

• Regulatory mechanism:
  • PerR: transcription repression PubMed

• Additional information:

Biological materials

• Mutant: HB6543 (aphA3), available in the John Helmann lab; also available in the Stülke lab GP879 (fur::mls) and GP868 (fur::mls, perR::spc)
  • 1A910 ( fur::kan), PubMed, available at BGSC

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

Labs working on this gene/protein

John Helmann, Cornell University, USA Homepage

References

Reviews

Charles M Moore, John D Helmann
Metal ion homeostasis in Bacillus subtilis.
Curr Opin Microbiol: 2005, 8(2);188-95
[PubMed:15802251] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

The Fur regulon

Addititonal publications: PubMed

Gregory T Smaldone, Olga Revelles, Ahmed Gaballa, Uwe Sauer, Haike Antelmann, John D Helmann
A global investigation of the Bacillus subtilis iron-sparing response identifies major changes in metabolism.
J Bacteriol: 2012, 194(10);2594-605
[PubMed:22389480] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Noel Baichoo, John D Helmann
Recognition of DNA by Fur: a reinterpretation of the Fur box consensus sequence.
J Bacteriol: 2002, 184(21);5826-32
[PubMed:12374814] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Noel Baichoo, Tao Wang, Rick Ye, John D Helmann
Global analysis of the Bacillus subtilis Fur regulon and the iron starvation stimulon.
Mol Microbiol: 2002, 45(6);1613-29
[PubMed:12354229] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Other original publications

PubMed