LigD

• Description: DNA repair polymerase/ ligase in non-homologous end joining DNA repair
  
  

Gene name	ligD
Synonyms	ykoU
Essential	no
Product	DNA repair polymerase/ ligase
Function	non-homologous end joining DNA repair, repair of gapped DNA substrates
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: ligD
Interactions involving this protein in SubtInteract: LigD
MW, pI	70 kDa, 6.646
Gene length, protein length	1833 bp, 611 aa
Immediate neighbours	ykoT, ykoV
Sequences	Protein DNA DNA_with_flanks
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

DNA repair/ recombination, sporulation proteins

This gene is a member of the following regulons

SigG regulon, SpoVT regulon

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU13400

Phenotypes of a mutant

• sensitivity to ionizing radiation in the stationary phase PubMed
• sensitivity of spores to several DNA-damaging treatments known to cause double strand breaks, such as UV-ray, X-ray, ultrahigh vacuum and wet heat PubMed
• a ykoV-ligD double mutant is sensitive to radiation PubMed

Database entries

• DBTBS entry: no entry

• SubtiList entry: [1]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:

• Protein family:

• Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:
  • N-terminal DNA ligase catalytic domain (aa 1 - 331) linked to a C-terminal polymerase domain (aa 332 - 611) PubMed

• Modification:

• Cofactors:

• Effectors of protein activity:

• Interactions:
  • YkoV-LigD PubMed

• Localization:

Database entries

• Structure:

• UniProt: O34398

• KEGG entry: [2]

• E.C. number:

Expression and regulation

• Operon: ykoV-ligD PubMed

• Expression browser: ligD PubMed

• Sigma factor: SigG PubMed

• Regulation:
  • expressed during sporulation in the forespore (SigG, SpoVT) PubMed

• Regulatory mechanism:
  • SpoVT: transcription activation PubMed

• Additional information:

Biological materials

• Mutant:
  • BP141 (ykoV-ligD::kan) available in Fabian Commichau's lab
  • BP142 (ykoW-ykoV-ligD::kan) available in Fabian Commichau's lab

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

References

Reviews

Justin S Lenhart, Jeremy W Schroeder, Brian W Walsh, Lyle A Simmons
DNA repair and genome maintenance in Bacillus subtilis.
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev: 2012, 76(3);530-64
[PubMed:22933559] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Stewart Shuman, Michael S Glickman
Bacterial DNA repair by non-homologous end joining.
Nat Rev Microbiol: 2007, 5(11);852-61
[PubMed:17938628] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Original publications

Ralf Moeller, Marina Raguse, Günther Reitz, Ryuichi Okayasu, Zuofeng Li, Stuart Klein, Peter Setlow, Wayne L Nicholson
Resistance of Bacillus subtilis spore DNA to lethal ionizing radiation damage relies primarily on spore core components and DNA repair, with minor effects of oxygen radical detoxification.
Appl Environ Microbiol: 2014, 80(1);104-9
[PubMed:24123749] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Miguel de Vega
The minimal Bacillus subtilis nonhomologous end joining repair machinery.
PLoS One: 2013, 8(5);e64232
[PubMed:23691176] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I e)

Ralf Moeller, Erko Stackebrandt, Günther Reitz, Thomas Berger, Petra Rettberg, Aidan J Doherty, Gerda Horneck, Wayne L Nicholson
Role of DNA repair by nonhomologous-end joining in Bacillus subtilis spore resistance to extreme dryness, mono- and polychromatic UV, and ionizing radiation.
J Bacteriol: 2007, 189(8);3306-11
[PubMed:17293412] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Stephanie T Wang, Barbara Setlow, Erin M Conlon, Jessica L Lyon, Daisuke Imamura, Tsutomu Sato, Peter Setlow, Richard Losick, Patrick Eichenberger
The forespore line of gene expression in Bacillus subtilis.
J Mol Biol: 2006, 358(1);16-37
[PubMed:16497325] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Geoffrey R Weller, Boris Kysela, Rajat Roy, Louise M Tonkin, Elizabeth Scanlan, Marina Della, Susanne Krogh Devine, Jonathan P Day, Adam Wilkinson, Fabrizio d'Adda di Fagagna, Kevin M Devine, Richard P Bowater, Penny A Jeggo, Stephen P Jackson, Aidan J Doherty
Identification of a DNA nonhomologous end-joining complex in bacteria.
Science: 2002, 297(5587);1686-9
[PubMed:12215643] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

G R Weller, A J Doherty
A family of DNA repair ligases in bacteria?
FEBS Lett: 2001, 505(2);340-2
[PubMed:11566200] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

E V Koonin, Y I Wolf, A S Kondrashov, L Aravind
Bacterial homologs of the small subunit of eukaryotic DNA primase.
J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol: 2000, 2(4);509-12
[PubMed:11075926] [WorldCat.org] (P p)