Ddl

• Description: D-alanine-D-alanine ligase
  
  

Gene name	ddl
Synonyms	ddlA
Essential	yes PubMed
Product	D-alanine-D-alanine ligase
Function	peptidoglycan precursor biosynthesis
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: ddl
Metabolic function and regulation of this protein in SubtiPathways: Cell wall
MW, pI	38 kDa, 4.58
Gene length, protein length	1062 bp, 354 aa
Immediate neighbours	ydbP, murF
Sequences	Protein DNA DNA_with_flanks
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

cell wall synthesis, biosynthesis of cell wall components, cell envelope stress proteins (controlled by SigM, V, W, X, Y), essential genes

This gene is a member of the following regulons

SigM regulon

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU04560

Phenotypes of a mutant

essential PubMed

Database entries

• DBTBS entry: no entry

• SubtiList entry: [1]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity: ATP + 2 D-alanine = ADP + phosphate + D-alanyl-D-alanine (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Protein family: ATP-grasp domain (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:

• Modification:

• Cofactor(s):

• Effectors of protein activity:

• Interactions:

• Localization:
  • cytoplasm (according to Swiss-Prot)

Database entries

• Structure: 2YZG (from Thermus thermophilus hb8 mutant, 40% identity, 53% similarity)

• UniProt: P96612

• KEGG entry: [2]

• E.C. number: 6.3.2.4

Expression and regulation

• Operon:

• Expression browser: ddl PubMed

• Sigma factor: SigM PubMed

• Regulation:
  • expression is reduced in a SigV mutant PubMed

• Regulatory mechanism:

• Additional information:

Biological materials

• Mutant:

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

References

Additional publications: PubMed

Warawan Eiamphungporn, John D Helmann
The Bacillus subtilis sigma(M) regulon and its contribution to cell envelope stress responses.
Mol Microbiol: 2008, 67(4);830-48
[PubMed:18179421] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)