trxA

168

thioredoxin, antioxidative action by facilitating the reduction of other proteins by cysteine thiol-disulfide exchange, important for the prevention of protein aggregation during severe heat stress, cleavage of CoA moieties from modified proteins

Locus: BSU_28500

Molecular weight: 11.25 kDa

Isoelectric point: 4.31

Protein length: 104 aa

Gene length: 315 bp

Function: protection of proteins against oxidative damage

Product: thioredoxin

Essential: yes

Synonyms: trxA, trx

Genomic Context

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List of homologs in different organisms, belongs to COG3118 (Galperin et al., 2021)

Gene

Coordinates: 2,913,024  2,913,338

Phenotypes of a mutant

• essential PubMed

The protein

Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity

• cleavage of CoA moieties from modified proteins PubMed

Protein family

• Thioredoxin family (according to UniProt)

Domains

• Thioredoxin domain (aa 2-104) (according to UniProt)

Structure

• 2GZZ (PDB) (oxidized form),  2GZY (PDB) (reduced form),  2IPA (PDB) (TrxA-ArsC-complex) PubMed
• P14949 (AlphaFold)

Paralogous protein(s)

• YdbP, YosR

Localization

• cytoplasm PubMed

Expression and Regulation

Operons

• Genes: trxA

  Description: PubMed

  Regulation

  • induced by heat stress (CtsR) PubMed

  Regulatory mechanism

  • CtsR: repression, PubMed, in ctsR regulon
  • Spx: activation, PubMed, in spx regulon

  Sigma factors

  • SigA: sigma factor, PubMed, in sigA regulon
  • SigB: sigma factor, PubMed, in sigB regulon

  Additional information

  • induced by cell wall stress (Spx) PubMed
  • A ncRNA is predicted between TrxA and Abf2 PubMed

References

Reviews

Lu J, Holmgren A The thioredoxin antioxidant system. Free radical biology & medicine. 2014 Jan; 66:75-87. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.07.036. pii:S0891-5849(13)00380-8. PMID:23899494

Original Publications

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