PycA

• Description: pyruvate carboxylase
  
  

Gene name	pycA
Synonyms	ylaP
Essential	no
Product	pyruvate carboxylase
Function	replenishment of the oxaloacetate pool
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: pycA
Metabolic function and regulation of this protein in SubtiPathways: pycA
MW, pI	127 kDa, 5.407
Gene length, protein length	3444 bp, 1148 aa
Immediate neighbours	ftsW, ctaA
Sequences	Protein DNA DNA_with_flanks
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

carbon core metabolism, membrane proteins

This gene is a member of the following regulons

stringent response

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU14860

Database entries

• BsubCyc: BSU14860

• DBTBS entry: [1]

• SubtiList entry: [2]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:

• Protein family:

• Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:

• Modification:

• Cofactors: biotin

• Effectors of protein activity:

• Interactions:

• Localization: membrane associated PubMed

Database entries

• BsubCyc: BSU14860

• Structure: 3BG5 (S. aureus)

• UniProt: Q9KWU4

• KEGG entry: [3]

• E.C. number: 6.4.1.1

Additional information

PycA binds to StrepTactin, and may be co-purified when purifying Strep-tagged proteins by SPINE.

PycA is subject to Clp-dependent proteolysis upon glucose starvation PubMed

Expression and regulation

• Operon: pycA PubMed

• Expression browser: pycA PubMed

• Sigma factor: SigA PubMed

• Regulation:
  • subject to positive stringent control upon lysine starvation PubMed

• Regulatory mechanism:
  • stringent response: due to presence of adenines at +1 and +2 positions of the transcript PubMed

• Additional information: subject to Clp-dependent proteolysis upon glucose starvation PubMed
  • number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium): 2222 PubMed
  • number of protein molecules per cell (complex medium with amino acids, without glucose): 6831 PubMed
  • number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium, exponential phase): 1602 PubMed
  • number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium, early stationary phase after glucose exhaustion): 907 PubMed
  • number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium, late stationary phase after glucose exhaustion): 2037 PubMed

Biological materials

• Mutant: GP793 (cat), available in Jörg Stülke's lab

• Expression vector:
  • pGP1289 (N-terminal Strep-tag, purification from B. subtilis, for SPINE, in pGP380), available in Stülke lab

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

References

Reviews

Sarawut Jitrapakdee, Martin St Maurice, Ivan Rayment, W Wallace Cleland, John C Wallace, Paul V Attwood
Structure, mechanism and regulation of pyruvate carboxylase.
Biochem J: 2008, 413(3);369-87
[PubMed:18613815] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Sarawut Jitrapakdee, John C Wallace
The biotin enzyme family: conserved structural motifs and domain rearrangements.
Curr Protein Pept Sci: 2003, 4(3);217-29
[PubMed:12769720] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

S Jitrapakdee, J C Wallace
Structure, function and regulation of pyruvate carboxylase.
Biochem J: 1999, 340 ( Pt 1)(Pt 1);1-16
[PubMed:10229653] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

J C Wallace, S Jitrapakdee, A Chapman-Smith
Pyruvate carboxylase.
Int J Biochem Cell Biol: 1998, 30(1);1-5
[PubMed:9597748] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

P V Attwood
The structure and the mechanism of action of pyruvate carboxylase.
Int J Biochem Cell Biol: 1995, 27(3);231-49
[PubMed:7780827] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Original publications

Shigeo Tojo, Kanako Kumamoto, Kazutake Hirooka, Yasutaro Fujita
Heavy involvement of stringent transcription control depending on the adenine or guanine species of the transcription initiation site in glucose and pyruvate metabolism in Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 2010, 192(6);1573-85
[PubMed:20081037] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Hannes Hahne, Susanne Wolff, Michael Hecker, Dörte Becher
From complementarity to comprehensiveness--targeting the membrane proteome of growing Bacillus subtilis by divergent approaches.
Proteomics: 2008, 8(19);4123-36
[PubMed:18763711] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)