KinB

• Description: two-component sensor kinase, phosphorylates Spo0F, part of the phosphorelay, senses changes in respiratory activity
  
  

Gene name	kinB
Synonyms
Essential	no
Product	two-component sensor kinase
Function	initiation of sporulation
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: kinB
Interactions involving this protein in SubtInteract: KinB
Function and regulation of this protein in SubtiPathways: Phosphorelay
MW, pI	47 kDa, 6.682
Gene length, protein length	1287 bp, 429 aa
Immediate neighbours	patB, kapB
Get the DNA and protein sequences (Barbe et al., 2009)
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

protein modification, transcription factors and their control, phosphorelay, membrane proteins, phosphoproteins

This gene is a member of the following regulons

CodY regulon, stringent response

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU31450

Database entries

• DBTBS entry: [1]

• SubtiList entry: [2]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:
  • autophosphorylation, phosphorylation of Spo0F
  • mainly active in the older, inner regions of a colony (with KinA) PubMed

• Protein family:

• Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains: six transmembrane segments, C-terminal histidine phosphotransferase domain

• Modification: autophosphorylation on a His residue

• Cofactor(s):

• Effectors of protein activity:
  • activity is triggered at low respiratory activity, this depends on a functional interaction with the respiration apparatus PubMed

• Interactions:
  • KinB-Sda
  • KinB-Spo0F
  • KinB-CtaC PubMed
  • KinB-QcrC PubMed

• Localization: cell membrane (integral membrane protein) PubMed

Database entries

• Structure: 3D36 (from G. stearothermophilus, complex with Sda)

• UniProt: Q08430

• KEGG entry: [3]

• E.C. number:

Expression and regulation

• Operon: kinB-kapB PubMed

• Expression browser: kinB PubMed

• Sigma factor: SigA PubMed

• Regulation:
  • repressed during growth in the presence of branched chain amino acids (CodY) PubMed
  • induced upon addition of decoyinine (positive stringent response) PubMed

• Regulatory mechanism:
  • CodY: transcription repression PubMed

• Additional information:

Biological materials

• Mutant:

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

References

Shigeo Tojo, Kazutake Hirooka, Yasutaro Fujita
Expression of kinA and kinB of Bacillus subtilis, necessary for sporulation initiation, is under positive stringent transcription control.
J Bacteriol: 2013, 195(8);1656-65
[PubMed:23378509] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Anna L McLoon, Ilana Kolodkin-Gal, Shmuel M Rubinstein, Roberto Kolter, Richard Losick
Spatial regulation of histidine kinases governing biofilm formation in Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 2011, 193(3);679-85
[PubMed:21097618] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Matthew J Bick, Valerie Lamour, Kanagalaghatta R Rajashankar, Yuliya Gordiyenko, Carol V Robinson, Seth A Darst
How to switch off a histidine kinase: crystal structure of Geobacillus stearothermophilus KinB with the inhibitor Sda.
J Mol Biol: 2009, 386(1);163-77
[PubMed:19101565] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Masaya Fujita, Richard Losick
Evidence that entry into sporulation in Bacillus subtilis is governed by a gradual increase in the level and activity of the master regulator Spo0A.
Genes Dev: 2005, 19(18);2236-44
[PubMed:16166384] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Virginie Molle, Yoshiko Nakaura, Robert P Shivers, Hirotake Yamaguchi, Richard Losick, Yasutaro Fujita, Abraham L Sonenshein
Additional targets of the Bacillus subtilis global regulator CodY identified by chromatin immunoprecipitation and genome-wide transcript analysis.
J Bacteriol: 2003, 185(6);1911-22
[PubMed:12618455] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

M Jiang, W Shao, M Perego, J A Hoch
Multiple histidine kinases regulate entry into stationary phase and sporulation in Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Microbiol: 2000, 38(3);535-42
[PubMed:11069677] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

C Fabret, V A Feher, J A Hoch
Two-component signal transduction in Bacillus subtilis: how one organism sees its world.
J Bacteriol: 1999, 181(7);1975-83
[PubMed:10094672] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

V Dartois, T Djavakhishvili, J A Hoch
KapB is a lipoprotein required for KinB signal transduction and activation of the phosphorelay to sporulation in Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Microbiol: 1997, 26(5);1097-108
[PubMed:9426145] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Y L Tzeng, J A Hoch
Molecular recognition in signal transduction: the interaction surfaces of the Spo0F response regulator with its cognate phosphorelay proteins revealed by alanine scanning mutagenesis.
J Mol Biol: 1997, 272(2);200-12
[PubMed:9299348] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

V Dartois, J Liu, J A Hoch
Alterations in the flow of one-carbon units affect KinB-dependent sporulation in Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Microbiol: 1997, 25(1);39-51
[PubMed:11902725] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

V Dartois, T Djavakhishvili, J A Hoch
Identification of a membrane protein involved in activation of the KinB pathway to sporulation in Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 1996, 178(4);1178-86
[PubMed:8576055] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

M A Strauch
Delineation of AbrB-binding sites on the Bacillus subtilis spo0H, kinB, ftsAZ, and pbpE promoters and use of a derived homology to identify a previously unsuspected binding site in the bsuB1 methylase promote.
J Bacteriol: 1995, 177(23);6999-7002
[PubMed:7592498] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

K A Trach, J A Hoch
Multisensory activation of the phosphorelay initiating sporulation in Bacillus subtilis: identification and sequence of the protein kinase of the alternate pathway.
Mol Microbiol: 1993, 8(1);69-79
[PubMed:8497199] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)