Carbon catabolite control protein A, involved in glucose regulation of many genes; represses catabolic genes and activates genes involved in excretion of excess carbon
function
mediates carbon catabolite repression (CCR)
product
transcriptional regulator (LacI family)
Genomic Context
categories
[category|SW 3|Information processing] → [category|SW 3.4|Regulation of gene expression] → [category|SW 3.4.2|Transcription factors and their control] → [category|SW 3.4.2.5|Transcription factors/ other][category|SW 3|Information processing] → [category|SW 3.4|Regulation of gene expression] → [category|SW 3.4.5|Regulators of core metabolism][SW|Categories] containing this gene/protein
[SW|transcription factors and their control], [SW|regulators of core metabolism], [SW|glutamate metabolism]Gene
Coordinates on the chromosome (coding sequence)
3,044,165 -> 3,045,169
Phenotypes of a mutant
Loss of carbon catabolite repression. Loss of [SW|PTS]-dependent sugar transport due to excessive phosphorylation of [PtsH|search|HPr] by [protein|search|HprK].The mutant is unable to grow on a minimal medium with glucose and ammonium as the only sources of carbon and nitrogen, respectively.The protein
Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity
transcriptional regulator of carbon catabolite repression (CCR)Protein family
[SW|LacI family][SW|Domains]
HTH LacI-type Domain (1 – 58)DNA binding Domain (6 – 25)[SW|Cofactors]
[PtsH|search|HPr]-Ser46-P, [protein|search|Crh]-Ser-46-PEffectors of protein activity
glucose-6-phosphate, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate [Pubmed|17376479]Structure
[PDB|2JCG] (Apoprotein from ''Bacillus megaterium'')CcpA-[protein|search|Crh]-DNA-complex [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/mmdb/mmdbsrv.cgi?Dopt=s&uid=52326 NCBI]complex with P-Ser-[PtsH|search|HPr] and sulphate ions [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/mmdb/mmdbsrv.cgi?Dopt=s&uid=39857 NCBI][PDB|3OQM] (complex of ''B. subtilis'' CcpA with P-Ser-[PtsH|search|HPr] and the ''[protein|search|ackA]'' operator site)[PDB|3OQN] (complex of ''B. subtilis'' CcpA with P-Ser-[PtsH|search|HPr] and the ''[protein|search|gntR]'' operator site)[PDB|3OQO] (complex of ''B. subtilis'' CcpA with P-Ser-[PtsH|search|HPr] and a optimal synthetic operator site)[SW|Interactions]
[protein|search|CcpA]-[PtsH|search|HPr] [Pubmed|15369672][protein|search|CcpA]-[protein|search|Crh] [Pubmed|16316990][protein|search|CcpA]-[protein|search|RpoA] [Pubmed|22512862][protein|search|CcpA]-[protein|search|CodY] [Pubmed|22512862]Expression and Regulation
Operon
''[protein|search|ccpA]-[protein|search|motP]-[protein|search|motS]'' [Pubmed|16547058]Regulation
constitutively expressed [Pubmed|18757537]Additional information
there are about 3.000 molecules of CcpA per cell [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/8000527 PubMed], this corresponds to a concentration of 3 myM (according to [PubMed|20408793])Biological materials
Mutant
QB5407 (spc) [Pubmed|10941796], available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s labGP302 (erm) [Pubmed|12123463], available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s labGP300 (an in frame deletion of ''[protein|search|ccpA]'') [Pubmed|11557150], available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s labWH649 (aphA3), available in [SW|Gerald Seidel]'s labExpression vector
pGP643 (N-terminal Strep-tag, purification from ''B. subtilis'', for [SW|SPINE], in [SW|pGP380]), available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s labpWH940 (C-terminal Strep-tag, purification from ''B. subtilis'', for [SW|SPINE], in [SW|pGP382]), available in [SW|Gerald Seidel]'s labAntibody
available in [SW|Gerald Seidel]'s and in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s labLabs working on this gene/protein
[SW|Gerald Seidel], Erlangen University, Germany [http://www.biologie.uni-erlangen.de/mibi/index2.html Homepage][SW|Richard Brennan], Houston, Texas, USA [http://www.mdanderson.org/departments/biochem/display.cfm?id=556ef368-6c81-4043-b74f350d41dd06cb&method=displayfull&pn=a8427ebd-d0ff-11d4-80fd00508b603a14 Homepage][SW|Milton H. Saier], University of California at San Diego, USA [http://biology.ucsd.edu/faculty/saier.html Homepage][SW|Yasutaro Fujita], University of Fukuyama, Japan[SW|Jörg Stülke], University of Göttingen, Germany [http://wwwuser.gwdg.de/~genmibio/stuelke.html Homepage][SW|Oscar Kuipers], University of Groningen, The Netherlands [http://molgen.biol.rug.nl/molgen/index.php Homepage]References
Reviews
20408793,8598282,19202299,14665673,18628769,18359269 General and physiological studies
1904524,10941796,12123463,8000527,18757537,16547058,14523131,22001508,22512862 Global analyses (proteome, transcriptome, ChIP-chip)
12850135,11251851,10559165,11160890,17183215,22383848,22900538,26483775 Repression of target genes by CcpA
15150224,16166551,11929549,7913927,17827291,11985717,12100558,7592486,16825793,16491025,21398533 Positive regulation of gene expression by CcpA
8226682,12193635,10559153,15916605,9811655,10986270,25157083 Control of CcpA activity
7623661,9973552,9334231,12051938,9689125 CcpA-DNA interaction
8596444,10666464,15885105,7665492,9254709,21106498 Functional analysis of CcpA
10383986,10601226,11557150,9252590,9988473 Structural analyses
15369672,16316990,17376479,16755587,17500051,17401189,10666630