alr [Fri Apr 01 2016 18:17:52 GMT+0200 (CEST)]

locus: BSU04640

pI: 8.00

mw: 43.00 kDa

function: peptidoglycan biosynthesis

product: alanine racemase

essential: yes

ec: 5.1.1.1

synonyms: dal, alrA

Genomic Context

categories

• [category|SW 1|Cellular processes] → [category|SW 1.1|Cell envelope and cell division] → [category|SW 1.1.1|Cell wall synthesis] → [category|SW 1.1.1.1|Biosynthesis of peptidoglycan]
• [category|SW 2|Metabolism] → [category|SW 2.3|Amino acid/ nitrogen metabolism] → [category|SW 2.3.1|Biosynthesis/ acquisition of amino acids] → [category|SW 2.3.1.15|Biosynthesis/acquisition of L- and D-alanine]
• [category|SW 2|Metabolism] → [category|SW 2.6|Additional metabolic pathways] → [category|SW 2.6.1|Biosynthesis of cell wall components] → [category|SW 2.6.1.1|Biosynthesis of peptidoglycan]
• [category|SW 6|Groups of genes] → [category|SW 6.1|Essential genes]

[SW|Categories] containing this gene/protein

• [SW|cell wall synthesis], [SW|biosynthesis of cell wall components], [SW|essential genes]

Gene

Coordinates on the chromosome (coding sequence): 517,372 -> 518,541

Phenotypes of a mutant

• reported to be essential [Pubmed|12682299], however deletion mutants have been reported by Ferrari et al. (1985) and Xia et al (2007) [Pubmed|17602222]
• auxotrophy for D-alanine

The protein

Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity

• L-alanine = D-alanine (according to Swiss-Prot)

Protein family

• alanine racemase family (according to Swiss-Prot)

Paralogous protein(s)

• [protein|search|YncD]

Structure

• [PDB|1L6G] (with N-[5�-phosphopyridoxyl]-D-alanine, Geobacillus stearothermophilus), [PDB|1SFT] (Geobacillus stearothermophilus)

Biological materials

Mutant

• [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/402479429?report=genbank&from=517383&to=518551 alr-1], two-base mutation 526AG>T (=R176X), creating a frameshift and an immediate stop codon, available in [http://www.bgsc.org/ BGSC] 1A4, a D-alanine auxotroph

References

• Ferrari E, Henner DJ, Yang MY. Isolation of an Alanine Racemase Gene from Bacillus subtilis and its Use for Plasmid Maintenance in B. subtilis, Nature Biotechnol 1985.Nov;3:1003-7.
• Nature Biotechnology 3, 1003–1007
• 3138014
• 17602222