multifunctional protein involved in homologous recombination and DNA repair (LexA-autocleavage), required to internalize and to recombine ssDNA with homologous resident duplex, required for efficient survival and replication restart after replication-transcription conflicts
function
DNA repair/ recombination
product
multifunctional protein involved in homologous
recombination and DNA repair (LexA-autocleavage)
Genomic Context
categories
[category|SW 3|Information processing] → [category|SW 3.1|Genetics] → [category|SW 3.1.5|DNA repair/ recombination][category|SW 3|Information processing] → [category|SW 3.1|Genetics] → [category|SW 3.1.5|DNA repair/ recombination] → [category|SW 3.1.5.6|Other proteins][category|SW 3|Information processing] → [category|SW 3.1|Genetics] → [category|SW 3.1.7|Genetic competence][category|SW 4|Lifestyles] → [category|SW 4.1|Exponential and early post-exponential lifestyles] → [category|SW 4.1.3|Genetic competence][category|SW 6|Groups of genes] → [category|SW 6.4|Phosphoproteins] → [category|SW 6.4.1|Phosphorylation on an Arg residue][category|SW 6|Groups of genes] → [category|SW 6.4|Phosphoproteins] → [category|SW 6.4.5|Phosphorylation on a Ser residue][SW|Categories] containing this gene/protein
[SW|DNA repair/ recombination], [SW|genetic competence], [SW|phosphoproteins], [SW|most abundant proteins]This gene is a member of the following [SW|regulons]
[SW|ComK regulon], [SW|LexA regulon]Gene
Coordinates on the chromosome (coding sequence)
1,764,645 -> 1,765,691
Phenotypes of a mutant
slower growth [Pubmed|26930481]drastically reduced survival of mature dormant spores after exposure to ultrahigh vacuum desiccation and ionizing radiation that induce single strand (ss) DNA nicks and double-strand breaks (DSBs) [Pubmed|24285298]reduced [SW|sporulation] efficiency [Pubmed|26930481]strongly reduced chromosomal transformation rate [Pubmed|23779106,22373918]The protein
Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity
RecA stimulates ssDNA phosphorylase activity of [protein|search|PnpA] [Pubmed|21859751]RecA-ATP in concert with [protein|search|DprA] and [protein|search|SsbA] catalyzes DNA strand exchange, with [protein|search|SsbB] as an accessory factor [Pubmed|25138221]RecA-dATP catalyzes strand exchange even in the absence of the accessory factors [Pubmed|25138221]protects sporulating cells from DNA damage [Pubmed|26930481]Protein family
recA family (according to Swiss-Prot)Modification
phosphorylated on Arg-58 [Pubmed|22517742]phosphorylated on Ser-2 [Pubmed|20509597] by [protein|search|YabT] [Pubmed|23634894]Effectors of protein activity
[protein|search|RecO] and [protein|search|DprA] provide [protein|search|RecA] access to ssDNA during chromosomal transformation [Pubmed|22373918]Structure
[PDB|1U94] (RecA from ''E. coli'', 62% identity, 86% similarity)[SW|Localization]
colocalizes to the [SW|replisome] in response to endogenous and exogenous DNA damage and in response to damage-independent fork arrest (formation of DNA repair centers), repair center formation depends on [protein|search|RecO] and [protein|search|RecR], and is facilitated by [protein|search|RecF] and [protein|search|SsbA] [Pubmed|24891441]Nucleoid (Mid-cell) [Pubmed|16479537]localizes to one cell pole [Pubmed|21278288]co-localizes with the DNA uptake machinery [Pubmed|17630974]forms a transient, mobile focus associated with the chromosome during spore development [Pubmed|23634894][SW|Interactions]
[protein|search|RecA]-[protein|search|DprA] [Pubmed|17803906,17630974][protein|search|RecA]-[protein|search|RecU] [Pubmed|16024744][protein|search|RecA]-[SW|ComFA] [Pubmed|17630974][protein|search|SsbB]-[protein|search|RecA] [Pubmed|17630974][protein|search|YabT]-[protein|search|RecA] [Pubmed|23634894]Expression and Regulation
Operon
''recA'' [Pubmed|7690748][SW|Sigma factor]
[protein|search|SigA] [Pubmed|7690748]Regulation
induced by DNA damage ([protein|search|LexA]) [Pubmed|8226626,11555642,16267290,26930481]induced by conditions that trigger development of genetic competence ([protein|search|ComK]) [Pubmed|7690748]Regulatory mechanism
[protein|search|LexA]: transcription repression [Pubmed|8226626,11555642,16267290][protein|search|ComK]: transcription activation [Pubmed|7690748]Additional information
belongs to the 100 [SW|most abundant proteins] [PubMed|15378759]Biological materials
Mutant
IRN444 (cat), available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab1A746 (''recA''::''erm''), [Pubmed|1391055], available at [http://pasture.asc.ohio-state.edu/BGSC/getdetail.cfm?bgscid=1A746&Search=1A746 BGSC]1A786 (''recA''::''kan''), [Pubmed|11208805], available at [http://pasture.asc.ohio-state.edu/BGSC/getdetail.cfm?bgscid=1A786&Search=1A786 BGSC]BP469 (''recA''::''erm''), available in [SW|Fabian Commichau]'s labBKE16940 (''[protein|search|recA]''::''erm'', available in the BGSC, in [SW|Fabian Commichau]'s, and in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s labs)Expression vector
for expression, purification in ''E. coli'' with N-terminal His-tag, pRSETA available in [SW|Ulf Gerth]'s labtwo-hybrid system
B. pertussis adenylate cyclase-based bacterial two hybrid system ([SW|BACTH]), available in [SW|Fabian Commichau]'s labLabs working on this gene/protein
[SW|Peter Graumann], Freiburg University, Germany [http://www.biologie.uni-freiburg.de/data/bio2/graumann/index.htm homepage]References
Reviews
14527291,12045091,10506835,14616075,21517913,23046409,23380520,22933559,17364684 Original publications
11814663,16061691,19060143,17803906,16024744,17630974,8226626,11555642,16479537,19730681,7690748,17229847,16267290,20509597,20723756,17449621,21278288,22373918,22517742,23284295,23536821,21859751,23634894,23779106,24285298,24285298,24373815,15378759,24362571,8899710,24670664,24891441,25138221,25169108,25939832,26001966,26786319,26930481 
