ctsR [Tue Dec 13 2016 11:16:30 GMT+0100 (CET)]

transcription repressor of class III heat shock genes (clpC operon, clpE, clpP)

locus: BSU00830

pI: 9.00

mw: 17.00 kDa

function: regulation of protein degradation

product: transcription repressor

essential: no

synonyms: yacG

Genomic Context

categories

• [category|SW 3|Information processing] → [category|SW 3.3|Protein synthesis, modification and degradation] → [category|SW 3.3.7|Proteolysis] → [category|SW 3.3.7.4|Additional proteins involved in proteolysis]
• [category|SW 3|Information processing] → [category|SW 3.4|Regulation of gene expression] → [category|SW 3.4.2|Transcription factors and their control] → [category|SW 3.4.2.5|Transcription factors/ other]
• [category|SW 4|Lifestyles] → [category|SW 4.3|Coping with stress] → [category|SW 4.3.1|General stress proteins (controlled by SigB)]
• [category|SW 4|Lifestyles] → [category|SW 4.3|Coping with stress] → [category|SW 4.3.4|Heat shock proteins]
• [category|SW 6|Groups of genes] → [category|SW 6.4|Phosphoproteins] → [category|SW 6.4.1|Phosphorylation on an Arg residue]

[SW|Categories] containing this gene/protein

• [SW|proteolysis], [SW|transcription factors and their control], [SW|general stress proteins (controlled by SigB)], [SW|heat shock proteins], [SW|phosphoproteins]

This gene is a member of the following [SW|regulons]

• [SW|CtsR regulon], [SW|SigB regulon]

Gene

Coordinates on the chromosome (coding sequence): 101,449 -> 101,913

The protein

Protein family

• ctsR family (according to Swiss-Prot)

Modification

• phosphorylated on Arg-55 (phosphorylation serves as tag for degradation by [SW|ClpC]-[SW|ClpP]) [Pubmed|27749819]
• phosphorylation of a tyrosine residue by [protein|search|McsB] [Pubmed|14984053]
• recently, it was reported that CtsR is phosphorylated by [protein|search|McsB] on Arg-62 rather than on a tyrosine residue [Pubmed|19498169]
• in addition, Arg-15 was reported to be a phosphorylation site [Pubmed|22517742]

Effectors of protein activity

• CtsR is inactivated by heat, heat sensing requires Gly-64 [Pubmed|20852588]
• non-phosphorylated [protein|search|McsB] targets CtsR for degradation [Pubmed|20852588]
• regulated proteolysis by [protein|search|ClpP]/[protein|search|ClpC] [Pubmed|11179229,16163393,17380125]

Structure

• [PDB|3H0D] (complex with a 26bp DNA duplex, from ''Geobacillus stearothermophilus'') [Pubmed|19498169]

[SW|Interactions]

• [protein|search|McsA]-[protein|search|McsB]-[protein|search|CtsR]
• [protein|search|CtsR]-[protein|search|ClpP]/[protein|search|ClpC] (degradation of [protein|search|CtsR]) [Pubmed|11179229,16163393,17380125]

Expression and Regulation

Operon

• ''[protein|search|ctsR]-[protein|search|mcsA]-[protein|search|mcsB]-[protein|search|clpC]-[protein|search|radA]-[protein|search|disA]'' [Pubmed|8793870]

[SW|Sigma factor]

• [protein|search|SigA] [Pubmed|8793870], [protein|search|SigB] [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8793870 PubMed1] [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11544224 PubMed2]

Regulation

• induced by stress ([protein|search|SigB]) [Pubmed|11544224]
• repressed at low temperatures ([protein|search|CtsR]) [Pubmed|9987115]

Regulatory mechanism

• [protein|search|CtsR]: transcription repression [Pubmed|9987115]

Additional information

• the mRNA is very stable (half-life > 15 min) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/12884008 PubMed]

Biological materials

Mutant

• MGNA-B928 (yacG::erm), available at the [https://shigen.nig.ac.jp/bsub/resource/strainGeneDisrupted/detail/1927 NBRP B. subtilis, Japan]
• ''ctsR::aphA3'' availbale in [SW|Ulf Gerth]'s lab
• BKE00830 (''[protein|search|ctsR]''::''erm'', available in the BGSC and in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab)

Expression vector

• for expression, purification in E. coli with N-terminal His-tag, pRSETA available in [SW|Ulf Gerth]'s lab

Antibody

• available in [SW|Ulf Gerth]'s lab

References

Reviews

• 27518094

Original Publications

• 14984053,21078442,23375660,27749819