function
adaptation of membrane fluidity at low temperatures
product
phospholipid desaturase
Genomic Context
categories
[category|SW 2|Metabolism] → [category|SW 2.4|Lipid metabolism] → [category|SW 2.4.3|Lipid metabolism/ other][category|SW 4|Lifestyles] → [category|SW 4.3|Coping with stress] → [category|SW 4.3.5|Cold stress proteins][category|SW 6|Groups of genes] → [category|SW 6.2|Membrane proteins][SW|Categories] containing this gene/protein
[SW|lipid metabolism/ other], [SW|cold stress proteins], [SW|membrane proteins]This gene is a member of the following [SW|regulons]
[SW|DesR regulon], [SW|YfiK regulon]Gene
Coordinates on the chromosome (coding sequence)
2,089,396 -> 2,090,454
Phenotypes of a mutant
cold-sensitive [Pubmed|19820084]The protein
Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity
introduces double bonds into long chain fatty acids [Pubmed|21665975][SW|Cofactors]
[protein|search|Des] receives electrons from ferredoxin ([protein|search|Fer]) or from either of the two flavodoxins, [protein|search|YkuN] or [protein|search|YkuP], the three proteins can functionally replace each other [Pubmed|21665975][SW|Localization]
integral membrane protein [Pubmed|21665975][SW|Interactions]
[protein|search|Des]-[protein|search|Fer] (electron transfer to [protein|search|Des]) [Pubmed|21665975][protein|search|Des]-[protein|search|YkuN] (electron transfer to [protein|search|Des]) [Pubmed|21665975][protein|search|Des]-[protein|search|YkuP] (electron transfer to [protein|search|Des]) [Pubmed|21665975]Expression and Regulation
Operon
''des'' [Pubmed|10559169][SW|Sigma factor]
[protein|search|SigA] [Pubmed|10559169]Regulation
induced upon cold shock ([protein|search|DesR]) [Pubmed|11285232]repressed at increased membrane fluidity [Pubmed|12207704]Regulatory mechanism
[protein|search|DesR]: transcription activation [Pubmed|11285232], [Pubmed|19820084][SW|YfiK]: transcription repression [Pubmed|26647299]Additional information
in strains evolved for growth at low pressure, 'des' expression is significantly increased as compared to the wild type [PubMed|22416764]Biological materials
Mutant
1A835 ( ''des''::''kan''), [Pubmed|11285232], available at [http://pasture.asc.ohio-state.edu/BGSC/getdetail.cfm?bgscid=1A835&Search=1A835 BGSC]Labs working on this gene/protein
[SW|Diego de Mendoza], Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Argentine [http://www.ibr.gov.ar/eng/investigacion/demendoza.htm homepage]References
Reviews
Original publications
19164152,11251847,12399512,9555904,10559169,11285232,12207704,12730185,19820084,12207704,20581210,22416764,18154726,21665975,26647299 
