rocG [2017-05-05 09:52:26]

trigger enzyme

locus: BSU37790

pI: 6.28

mw: 46.48 kDa

protein length: 424 aa

gene length: 1272 bp

function: arginine utilization, controls the activity of GltC

product: trigger enzyme

essential: no

ec: 1.4.1.2

synonyms

Genomic Context

categories

• [category|SW 2|Metabolism] → [category|SW 2.3|Amino acid/ nitrogen metabolism] → [category|SW 2.3.2|Utilization of amino acids] → [category|SW 2.3.2.1|Utilization of glutamine/ glutamate]
• [category|SW 2|Metabolism] → [category|SW 2.3|Amino acid/ nitrogen metabolism] → [category|SW 2.3.2|Utilization of amino acids] → [category|SW 2.3.2.4|Utilization of arginine/ ornithine]
• [category|SW 3|Information processing] → [category|SW 3.4|Regulation of gene expression] → [category|SW 3.4.2|Transcription factors and their control] → [category|SW 3.4.2.7|Control of transcription factor (other than two-component system)]
• [category|SW 3|Information processing] → [category|SW 3.4|Regulation of gene expression] → [category|SW 3.4.3|Trigger enzyme] → [category|SW 3.4.3.2|Trigger enzymes that control gene expression by protein-protein interaction with transcription factors]

This gene is a member of the following [SW|regulons]

• [SW|AbrB regulon], [SW|AhrC regulon], [SW|CcpA regulon], [SW|RocR regulon], [SW|SigL regulon]

Gene

Coordinates: 3,880,740 → 3,882,014

Phenotypes of a mutant

• Poor growth on complex media such as SP (sporulation medium). No growth in minimal media with arginine as the only carbon source. Rapid accumulation of suppressor mutants ([gene|C36C8C9EEDCAD392D9BEC9728A1E0CBFF2F4E790|''gudB1'']]])
• sensitive to ß-lactam antibiotics such as cefuroxime and to fosfomycin (suppressed by activation of ''[gene|C36C8C9EEDCAD392D9BEC9728A1E0CBFF2F4E790|gudB]'') due to the downregulation of the [SW|SigW regulon] [Pubmed|22178969]
• transcription profile of a ''[gene|56CBEBCFEF5CFB4A0175498338C7AF2F45EAA3E3|rocG] [gene|C36C8C9EEDCAD392D9BEC9728A1E0CBFF2F4E790|gudB]'' mutant strain: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE34383&submit.x=22&submit.y=9 GEO] [Pubmed|22178969]

The protein

Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity

• L-glutamate + H₂O + NAD⁺ = 2-oxoglutarate + NH₃ + NADH + H⁺ (according to Swiss-Prot), controls the activity of the [protein|87BCAE725B02860156D50E1783F6DB68510C811E|GltC] transcription activator [Pubmed|17608797]

Protein family

• Glu/Leu/Phe/Val dehydrogenases family (according to Swiss-Prot)

Paralogous protein(s)

• [protein|C36C8C9EEDCAD392D9BEC9728A1E0CBFF2F4E790|GudB]

Kinetic information

• K_M [glutamate] = 2.9 mM, K_M [ammonium] = 18 mM [Pubmed|20630473]

[SW|Cofactors]

• NAD⁺/NADH + H⁺

Structure

• [PDB|3K92] (super-repressor mutant that is capable of constitutive inactivation of [protein|87BCAE725B02860156D50E1783F6DB68510C811E|GltC], E93K mutation) [Pubmed|20630473]

Expression and Regulation

Operons

• genes: [gene|56CBEBCFEF5CFB4A0175498338C7AF2F45EAA3E3|rocG]
  description: [Pubmed|10468601]

  sigma factors

  • [protein|1118A21CC581B0470EC6E7C178F2523CDCA70F93|SigL]: sigma factor, [Pubmed|10468601], in [regulon|1118A21CC581B0470EC6E7C178F2523CDCA70F93|SigL regulon]

  regulatory mechanism

  • [protein|BEE6F16D6A5BBC7FED9E8EB5FA6A94BBF932BBDA|RocR]: activation, [Pubmed|10468601,12634342], in [regulon|BEE6F16D6A5BBC7FED9E8EB5FA6A94BBF932BBDA|RocR regulon]
  • [protein|62F8E0D6BC9DA6390256FA8FB684EA5C9C722AE4|AhrC]: activation, [Pubmed|17183217], in [regulon|62F8E0D6BC9DA6390256FA8FB684EA5C9C722AE4|AhrC regulon]
  • [protein|E39AFEB7B7F28969A35C4B51CC6E7819F71C79D9|CcpA]: repression, [Pubmed|15150224], in [regulon|E39AFEB7B7F28969A35C4B51CC6E7819F71C79D9|CcpA regulon]
  • [protein|E5110D9C36E8C55AFD1419987B14A53232165F20|AbrB]: repression, [Pubmed|20817675], in [regulon|E5110D9C36E8C55AFD1419987B14A53232165F20|AbrB regulon]

  regulation

  • expression during spore [SW|germination] is strongly reduced under conditions of osmotic stress [Pubmed|27766092]

  additional information

  • Activation by [protein|search|RocR] requires binding of [protein|search|RocR] to a downstream element [PubMed|12634342]

Biological materials

Mutant

• GP747 (spc), GP726 (aphA3), GP810 (del tet), GP1157 (cat) all available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab

Expression vector

• expression of native ''rocG'' in ''B. subtilis'': pGP529 (in [SW|pBQ200]), available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab [Pubmed|18326565]
• for purification of RocG from ''E. coli'' carrying an N-terminal Strep-tag: pGP902 (in [SW|pGP172]), a series of ''rocG'' variants is also available in [SW|pGP172], available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab
• for expression/ purification from ''E. coli'' with N-terminal His-tag and thrombin cleavage site, in [SW|pWH844]: pGP860, available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab
• purification from ''B. subtilis'' with an N-terminal Strep-tag, for [SW|SPINE], (in [SW|pGP380]): pGP1709, available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab

two-hybrid system

• ''B. pertussis'' adenylate cyclase-based bacterial two hybrid system ([SW|BACTH]), available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab

Antibody

• available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab [Pubmed|17183217]

Labs working on this gene/protein

• [SW|Linc Sonenshein], Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA [http://www.tufts.edu/sackler/microbiology/faculty/sonenshein/index.html Homepage]
• [SW|Jörg Stülke], University of Göttingen, Germany
• [http://wwwuser.gwdg.de/~genmibio/stuelke.html Homepage]
• [SW|Fabian Commichau] University of Göttingen, Germany
• [http://genmibio.uni-goettingen.de/index.php?id=130 Homepage]

References

Reviews

• 19698086,8299344,7705101,19895831,22625175

Enzymatic activity of RocG

• 18603778,16244435,16195607,18326565,9829940,20630473,21965396,25711804

Function in the control of [protein|87BCAE725B02860156D50E1783F6DB68510C811E|GltC] activity

• 15150225,17994626,17608797,17183217,20630473

Expression of ''rocG

• 12634342,15150224,10468601,9829940,22900538,20817675,25777015,25880922,27766092

Structural analysis of glutamate dehydrogenase

• 8263917,20630473

Bypass of ''rocG'' mutations

• 21219666,22178973,23785476

Additional publications

• 23338837,23419162,22178969,24473333,28468957