galE [Tue Dec 13 2016 11:16:37 GMT+0100 (CET)]

UDP glucose 4-epimerase

locus: BSU38860

pI: 4.78

mw: 36.00 kDa

function: galactose utilization

product: UDP glucose 4-epimerase

essential: no

ec: 5.1.3.2

synonyms

Genomic Context

categories

• [category|SW 2|Metabolism] → [category|SW 2.2|Carbon metabolism] → [category|SW 2.2.2|Utilization of specific carbon sources] → [category|SW 2.2.2.8|Utilization of galactose]
• [category|SW 4|Lifestyles] → [category|SW 4.1|Exponential and early post-exponential lifestyles] → [category|SW 4.1.2|Biofilm formation]
• [category|SW 4|Lifestyles] → [category|SW 4.1|Exponential and early post-exponential lifestyles] → [category|SW 4.1.2|Biofilm formation] → [category|SW 4.1.2.1|Matrix polysaccharide synthesis]

[SW|Categories] containing this gene/protein

• [SW|utilization of specific carbon sources], [SW|biofilm formation]

Gene

Coordinates on the chromosome (coding sequence): 3,989,948 -> 3,990,967

Phenotypes of a mutant

• smooth colonies on MsGG medium, no [SW|biofilm formation] in the absence of externally provided galactose [Pubmed|22893383,22113911]
• the mutant is sensitive to exogenous galactose due to the accumulation of toxic UDP-galactose, this sensitivity can be suppressed by the inactivation of ''[protein|search|galK]'' (no formation of the toxic UDP-galactose) or of ''[protein|search|sinR]'' (constitutive expression of the ''[protein|search|epsA]-[protein|search|epsB]-[protein|search|epsC]-[protein|search|epsD]-[protein|search|epsE]-[protein|search|epsF]-[protein|search|epsG]-[protein|search|epsH]-[protein|search|epsI]-[protein|search|epsJ]-[protein|search|epsK]-[protein|search|epsL]-[protein|search|epsM]-[protein|search|epsN]-[protein|search|epsO]'' results in detoxification of UDP-galactose) [Pubmed|22893383]

The protein

Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity

• UDP-glucose = UDP-galactose (according to Swiss-Prot)

Protein family

• sugar epimerase family (according to Swiss-Prot)

Structure

• [PDB|1LRL] (from ''Escherichia coli Y299C mutant'', 57% identity, 71% similarity) [Pubmed|12019271]

Expression and Regulation

Operon

• ''galE'' [Pubmed|10746760]

[SW|Sigma factor]

• [protein|search|SigA] [Pubmed|9555917]

Regulation

• strongly repressed in response to glucose starvation in M9 medium [Pubmed|23033921]

References

• 9555917,14597172,22893383,22113911,23033921,25954268