ywcE

holin, required for spore morphogenesis and germination

locus: BSU_38130

pI: 9.85

mw: 9.82 kDa

protein length: 87 aa

gene length: 264 bp

function: required for spore morphogenesis and germination

product: holin

essential: no

synonyms: ipa-41r

Genomic Context

categories

• [category|SW 4|Lifestyles] → [category|SW 4.2|Sporulation] → [category|SW 4.2.3|Sporulation/ other]
• [category|SW 4|Lifestyles] → [category|SW 4.2|Sporulation] → [category|SW 4.2.4|Germination] → [category|SW 4.2.4.2|Additional germination proteins]
• [category|SW 6|Groups of genes] → [category|SW 6.2|Membrane proteins]

Gene

Coordinates: 3,914,009 3,914,272

Phenotypes of a mutant

• forms spores with a reduced outer coat [pubmed|16159778]

The protein

Protein family

• ywcE family (single member, according to UniProt)

[SW|Localization]

• cell membrane [pubmed|16159778]
• spore core membran [pubmed|16159778]
• spore outer membran [pubmed|16159778]

Expression and Regulation

Operons

• genes: [gene|1426D5E85EA17234A3E2C98018DA99437F8E712C|ywcE]
  description: [Pubmed|9353933]

  sigma factors

  • [protein|360F48D576DE950DF79C1A2677B7A35A8D8CC30C|SigA]: sigma factor, [Pubmed|16159778], in [regulon|360F48D576DE950DF79C1A2677B7A35A8D8CC30C|SigA regulon]

  regulatory mechanism

  • [protein|E5110D9C36E8C55AFD1419987B14A53232165F20|AbrB]: repression, [Pubmed|16159778], in [regulon|E5110D9C36E8C55AFD1419987B14A53232165F20|AbrB regulon]
  • [protein|1E829D639BADDC6BDC9B5FB4C97A632A53FDDB24|ResD]: repression, [pubmed|28439033], in [regulon|1E829D639BADDC6BDC9B5FB4C97A632A53FDDB24|ResD regulon]

  regulation

  • repressed during the log phase ([protein|E5110D9C36E8C55AFD1419987B14A53232165F20|AbrB]), expressed only at the onset of stationary phase [Pubmed|16159778]
  • repressed under anaerobic conditions ([protein|1E829D639BADDC6BDC9B5FB4C97A632A53FDDB24|ResD]) [pubmed|28439033]

Biological materials

Mutant

• BKE38130 ([gene|1426D5E85EA17234A3E2C98018DA99437F8E712C|ywcE]::erm trpC2) available at [http://www.bgsc.org/getdetail.php?bgscid=BKE38130 BGSC], [Pubmed|28189581], upstream reverse: _UP1_CATACCCGTCTCCTTTCATT, downstream forward: _UP4_TGAAGACAGCAAAAAACCCT
• BKK38130 ([gene|1426D5E85EA17234A3E2C98018DA99437F8E712C|ywcE]::kan trpC2) available at [http://www.bgsc.org/getdetail.php?bgscid=BKK38130 BGSC], [Pubmed|28189581], upstream reverse: _UP1_CATACCCGTCTCCTTTCATT, downstream forward: _UP4_TGAAGACAGCAAAAAACCCT

labs

• [SW|Charles Moran], Emory University, NC, USA [http://www.microbiology.emory.edu/moran_c.html homepage]

References

• 16159778,9353933,23033921,28439033