RNA switch

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RNA switches are regulatory systems that rely on alternative mRNA structures.

RNA switches may be triggered by proteins, tRNAs (T-box), or metabolites (riboswitches)

List of the Bacillus subtilis RNA switches

  • tRNA-dependent RNA switches: T-box
  • Additional RNA switches
    • pyrG RNA switch: low levels of intracellular CTP induce reiterative addition of G residues at position +4 in the 5' end of the pyrG mRNA, which is encoded as pppGGGC. . . . The poly(G) sequences formed under these conditions act to prevent attenuation by base pairing with the C- and U-rich 5' strand of a downstream terminator stem-loop located in the pyrG leader. PubMed
    • EAR (eps-associated RNA switch): located between epsB and epsC, mediates processive antitermination and allows expression of the long eps operon PubMed

The function of the following potential RNA structures is unknown. They were suggested to control the mentioned genes.

An overview on the structural aspects

Important Original Publications

Hannah Steinert, Florian Sochor, Anna Wacker, Janina Buck, Christina Helmling, Fabian Hiller, Sara Keyhani, Jonas Noeske, Steffen Grimm, Martin M Rudolph, Heiko Keller, Rachel Anne Mooney, Robert Landick, Beatrix Suess, Boris Fürtig, Jens Wöhnert, Harald Schwalbe
Pausing guides RNA folding to populate transiently stable RNA structures for riboswitch-based transcription regulation.
Elife: 2017, 6;
[PubMed:28541183] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I e)

Daniel Dar, Maya Shamir, J R Mellin, Mikael Koutero, Noam Stern-Ginossar, Pascale Cossart, Rotem Sorek
Term-seq reveals abundant ribo-regulation of antibiotics resistance in bacteria.
Science: 2016, 352(6282);aad9822
[PubMed:27120414] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Christopher J Robinson, Helen A Vincent, Ming-Cheng Wu, Phillip T Lowe, Mark S Dunstan, David Leys, Jason Micklefield
Modular riboswitch toolsets for synthetic genetic control in diverse bacterial species.
J Am Chem Soc: 2014, 136(30);10615-24
[PubMed:24971878] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)


Important Reviews