PdhD

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  • Description: dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase E3 subunit of both pyruvate dehydrogenase and 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complexes

Gene name pdhD
Synonyms citL
Essential no
Product dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase E3 subunit
of both pyruvate dehydrogenase and 2-oxoglutarate
dehydrogenase complexes
Function links glycolysis and TCA cycle, enzyme in TCA cycle
Metabolic function and regulation of this protein in SubtiPathways:
Central C-metabolism
MW, pI 49 kDa, 4.76
Gene length, protein length 1410 bp, 470 aa
Immediate neighbours pdhC, slp
Get the DNA and protein sequences
(Barbe et al., 2009)
Genetic context
PdhD context.gif
This image was kindly provided by SubtiList







Categories containing this gene/protein

carbon core metabolism

This gene is a member of the following regulons

stringent response

The gene

Basic information

  • Locus tag: BSU14610

Phenotypes of a mutant

  • defects in sporulation and unable to grow on glucose as single carbon source PubMed

Database entries

  • DBTBS entry: [1]
  • SubtiList entry: [2]

Additional information

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

  • Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity: Protein N(6)-(dihydrolipoyl)lysine + NAD+ = protein N(6)-(lipoyl)lysine + NADH (according to Swiss-Prot)
  • Protein family: class-I pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family (according to Swiss-Prot)
  • Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

  • Kinetic information: Michaelis-Menten PubMed
  • Domains:
  • Modification: phosphorylated (Ser/Thr/Tyr) PubMed
  • Cofactor(s):
  • Effectors of protein activity:
    • Inhibited thiamine 2-thiothiazolone diphosphate and NADH PubMed
    • Low sensibility to NADPH PubMed
  • Localization: cytoplasm (according to Swiss-Prot)

Database entries

  • Structure: 1EBD (complex with binding domain of dihydrolipoamide acetylase, Geobacillus stearothermophilus), 1EBD (complex with binding domain of dihydrolipoamide acetylase, Geobacillus stearothermophilus)
  • KEGG entry: [3]

Additional information

Expression and regulation

  • Regulation:
    • pdhA: expression activated by glucose (2.0-fold) PubMed
    • subject to negative stringent control upon amino acid limitation PubMed
  • Regulatory mechanism:
    • stringent response: due to presence of guanine at +1 position of the transcript PubMed
  • Additional information:

Biological materials

  • Mutant:
  • Expression vector:
  • lacZ fusion: pGP723 (in pAC5), available in Stülke lab
  • GFP fusion:
  • two-hybrid system: B. pertussis adenylate cyclase-based bacterial two hybrid system (BACTH), available in Stülke lab
  • Antibody:

Labs working on this gene/protein

Your additional remarks

References

Reviews

Kai Tittmann
Reaction mechanisms of thiamin diphosphate enzymes: redox reactions.
FEBS J: 2009, 276(9);2454-68
[PubMed:19476487] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

U Neveling, S Bringer-Meyer, H Sahm
Gene and subunit organization of bacterial pyruvate dehydrogenase complexes.
Biochim Biophys Acta: 1998, 1385(2);367-72
[PubMed:9655937] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

M S Patel, T E Roche
Molecular biology and biochemistry of pyruvate dehydrogenase complexes.
FASEB J: 1990, 4(14);3224-33
[PubMed:2227213] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

P A Frey
Mechanism of coupled electron and group transfer in Escherichia coli pyruvate dehydrogenase.
Ann N Y Acad Sci: 1982, 378;250-64
[PubMed:6805383] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Original publications

Frederik M Meyer, Jan Gerwig, Elke Hammer, Christina Herzberg, Fabian M Commichau, Uwe Völker, Jörg Stülke
Physical interactions between tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes in Bacillus subtilis: evidence for a metabolon.
Metab Eng: 2011, 13(1);18-27
[PubMed:20933603] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Shigeo Tojo, Kanako Kumamoto, Kazutake Hirooka, Yasutaro Fujita
Heavy involvement of stringent transcription control depending on the adenine or guanine species of the transcription initiation site in glucose and pyruvate metabolism in Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 2010, 192(6);1573-85
[PubMed:20081037] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Christine Eymann, Dörte Becher, Jörg Bernhardt, Katrin Gronau, Anja Klutzny, Michael Hecker
Dynamics of protein phosphorylation on Ser/Thr/Tyr in Bacillus subtilis.
Proteomics: 2007, 7(19);3509-26
[PubMed:17726680] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Hans-Matti Blencke, Georg Homuth, Holger Ludwig, Ulrike Mäder, Michael Hecker, Jörg Stülke
Transcriptional profiling of gene expression in response to glucose in Bacillus subtilis: regulation of the central metabolic pathways.
Metab Eng: 2003, 5(2);133-49
[PubMed:12850135] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Haichun Gao, Xin Jiang, Kit Pogliano, Arthur I Aronson
The E1beta and E2 subunits of the Bacillus subtilis pyruvate dehydrogenase complex are involved in regulation of sporulation.
J Bacteriol: 2002, 184(10);2780-8
[PubMed:11976308] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

P N Lowe, J A Hodgson, R N Perham
Dual role of a single multienzyme complex in the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate and branched-chain 2-oxo acids in Bacillus subtilis.
Biochem J: 1983, 215(1);133-40
[PubMed:6414463] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)