IlvH

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  • Description: acetolactate synthase (small subunit)

Gene name ilvH
Synonyms ilvN
Essential no
Product acetolactate synthase (small subunit)
Function biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: ilvH
Metabolic function and regulation of this protein in SubtiPathways:
Ile, Leu, Val, Coenzyme A
MW, pI 19 kDa, 10.295
Gene length, protein length 522 bp, 174 aa
Immediate neighbours ilvC, ilvB
Sequences Protein DNA Advanced_DNA
Genetic context
IlvH context.gif
This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed
IlvH expression.png



















Categories containing this gene/protein

biosynthesis/ acquisition of amino acids

This gene is a member of the following regulons

CcpA regulon, CodY regulon, T-box, TnrA regulon

The gene

Basic information

  • Locus tag: BSU28300

Phenotypes of a mutant

Database entries

  • DBTBS entry: [1]
  • SubtiList entry: [2]

Additional information

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

  • Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity: 2 pyruvate = 2-acetolactate + CO2 (according to Swiss-Prot)
  • Protein family: acetolactate synthase small subunit family (according to Swiss-Prot)
  • Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

  • Kinetic information:
  • Domains:
  • Modification:
  • Cofactor(s):
  • Effectors of protein activity:

Database entries

  • Structure: 2F1F (regulatory subunit from Escherichia coli, 37% identity, 62% similarity) PubMed
  • KEGG entry: [3]

Additional information

Expression and regulation

  • Regulation: for a complete overview on the regulation of the ilv operon, see Brinsmade et al.
    • repressed by casamino acids PubMed
    • expression is stimulated in the presence of glucose PubMed
    • repressed in the absence of good nitrogen sources (glutamine or ammonium) (TnrA) PubMed
    • repressed during growth in the presence of branched chain amino acids (CodY) PubMed
  • Regulatory mechanism:
    • glucose regulation: CcpA PubMed
    • repression by BCAA: tRNA-controlled RNA switch (T-box) that mediates termination/antitermination
    • TnrA: transcription repression PubMed
    • CodY: transcription repression PubMed
  • Additional information:

Biological materials

  • Mutant:
  • Expression vector:
  • lacZ fusion:
  • GFP fusion:
  • two-hybrid system:
  • Antibody:

Labs working on this gene/protein

Your additional remarks

References

Shaun R Brinsmade, Roelco J Kleijn, Uwe Sauer, Abraham L Sonenshein
Regulation of CodY activity through modulation of intracellular branched-chain amino acid pools.
J Bacteriol: 2010, 192(24);6357-68
[PubMed:20935095] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Ana Gutiérrez-Preciado, Tina M Henkin, Frank J Grundy, Charles Yanofsky, Enrique Merino
Biochemical features and functional implications of the RNA-based T-box regulatory mechanism.
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev: 2009, 73(1);36-61
[PubMed:19258532] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Shigeo Tojo, Takenori Satomura, Kanako Kumamoto, Kazutake Hirooka, Yasutaro Fujita
Molecular mechanisms underlying the positive stringent response of the Bacillus subtilis ilv-leu operon, involved in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids.
J Bacteriol: 2008, 190(18);6134-47
[PubMed:18641142] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Shigeo Tojo, Takenori Satomura, Kaori Morisaki, Ken-Ichi Yoshida, Kazutake Hirooka, Yasutaro Fujita
Negative transcriptional regulation of the ilv-leu operon for biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids through the Bacillus subtilis global regulator TnrA.
J Bacteriol: 2004, 186(23);7971-9
[PubMed:15547269] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Ulrike Mäder, Susanne Hennig, Michael Hecker, Georg Homuth
Transcriptional organization and posttranscriptional regulation of the Bacillus subtilis branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis genes.
J Bacteriol: 2004, 186(8);2240-52
[PubMed:15060025] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Virginie Molle, Yoshiko Nakaura, Robert P Shivers, Hirotake Yamaguchi, Richard Losick, Yasutaro Fujita, Abraham L Sonenshein
Additional targets of the Bacillus subtilis global regulator CodY identified by chromatin immunoprecipitation and genome-wide transcript analysis.
J Bacteriol: 2003, 185(6);1911-22
[PubMed:12618455] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Holger Ludwig, Christoph Meinken, Anastasija Matin, Jörg Stülke
Insufficient expression of the ilv-leu operon encoding enzymes of branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis limits growth of a Bacillus subtilis ccpA mutant.
J Bacteriol: 2002, 184(18);5174-8
[PubMed:12193635] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Ulrike Mäder, Georg Homuth, Christian Scharf, Knut Büttner, Rüdiger Bode, Michael Hecker
Transcriptome and proteome analysis of Bacillus subtilis gene expression modulated by amino acid availability.
J Bacteriol: 2002, 184(15);4288-95
[PubMed:12107147] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

F J Grundy, T M Henkin
Conservation of a transcription antitermination mechanism in aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase and amino acid biosynthesis genes in gram-positive bacteria.
J Mol Biol: 1994, 235(2);798-804
[PubMed:8289305] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)