CwlD

• Description: N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase
  
  

Gene name	cwlD
Synonyms
Essential	no
Product	N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase
Function	spore germination
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: cwlD
MW, pI	26 kDa, 9.788
Gene length, protein length	711 bp, 237 aa
Immediate neighbours	ybaK, salA
Sequences	Protein DNA DNA_with_flanks
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

germination

This gene is a member of the following regulons

LexA regulon, SigE regulon, SigG regulon

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU01530

Database entries

• DBTBS entry: [1]

• SubtiList entry: [2]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:
  • Hydrolyzes the link between N-acetylmuramoyl residues and L-amino acid residues in certain cell-wall glycopeptides (according to Swiss-Prot)
  • formation of muramic acid delta-lacton in peptidoglycan

• Protein family: N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase 3 family (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains: contains an amidase_3 domain (like CwlC, LytC, YqiI, YrvJ)

• Modification:

• Cofactor(s):

• Effectors of protein activity:

• Interactions:

• Localization:
  • secreted (according to Swiss-Prot)

Database entries

• Structure:

• UniProt: P50864

• KEGG entry: [3]

• E.C. number: 3.5.1.28

Expression and regulation

• Operon:
  • ybaK-cwlD PubMed
  • cwlD PubMed

• Expression browser: cwlD PubMed

• Sigma factor: SigE PubMed
  • ybaK: SigG PubMed
  • cwlD: SigE PubMed

• Regulation: expressed during sporulation (SigG, SigE) PubMed
  • repressed when no DNA damage is present (LexA) PubMed

• Regulatory mechanism:
  • LexA: transcription repression PubMed

• Additional information:

Biological materials

• Mutant:

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

References

Robert D Turner, Waldemar Vollmer, Simon J Foster
Different walls for rods and balls: the diversity of peptidoglycan.
Mol Microbiol: 2014, 91(5);862-74
[PubMed:24405365] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Pengfei Zhang, Stacy Thomas, Yong-qing Li, Peter Setlow
Effects of cortex peptidoglycan structure and cortex hydrolysis on the kinetics of Ca(2+)-dipicolinic acid release during Bacillus subtilis spore germination.
J Bacteriol: 2012, 194(3);646-52
[PubMed:22123250] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Nora Au, Elke Kuester-Schoeck, Veena Mandava, Laura E Bothwell, Susan P Canny, Karen Chachu, Sierra A Colavito, Shakierah N Fuller, Eli S Groban, Laura A Hensley, Theresa C O'Brien, Amish Shah, Jessica T Tierney, Louise L Tomm, Thomas M O'Gara, Alexi I Goranov, Alan D Grossman, Charles M Lovett
Genetic composition of the Bacillus subtilis SOS system.
J Bacteriol: 2005, 187(22);7655-66
[PubMed:16267290] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Meghan E Gilmore, Dabanjan Bandyopadhyay, Amanda M Dean, Sarah D Linnstaedt, David L Popham
Production of muramic delta-lactam in Bacillus subtilis spore peptidoglycan.
J Bacteriol: 2004, 186(1);80-9
[PubMed:14679227] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Ann E Cowan, Dennis E Koppel, Barbara Setlow, Peter Setlow
A soluble protein is immobile in dormant spores of Bacillus subtilis but is mobile in germinated spores: implications for spore dormancy.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A: 2003, 100(7);4209-14
[PubMed:12646705] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

D L Popham, J Meador-Parton, C E Costello, P Setlow
Spore peptidoglycan structure in a cwlD dacB double mutant of Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 1999, 181(19);6205-9
[PubMed:10498740] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

J Sekiguchi, K Akeo, H Yamamoto, F K Khasanov, J C Alonso, A Kuroda
Nucleotide sequence and regulation of a new putative cell wall hydrolase gene, cwlD, which affects germination in Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 1995, 177(19);5582-9
[PubMed:7559346] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)