Ddl

• Description: D-alanine-D-alanine ligase
  
  

Gene name	ddl
Synonyms	ddlA
Essential	yes PubMed
Product	D-alanine-D-alanine ligase
Function	peptidoglycan precursor biosynthesis
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: ddl
Metabolic function and regulation of this protein in SubtiPathways: Cell wall
MW, pI	38 kDa, 4.58
Gene length, protein length	1062 bp, 354 aa
Immediate neighbours	ydbP, murF
Get the DNA and protein sequences (Barbe et al., 2009)
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

cell wall synthesis, biosynthesis of cell wall components, cell envelope stress proteins (controlled by SigM, V, W, X, Y), essential genes

This gene is a member of the following regulons

SigM regulon

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU04560

Phenotypes of a mutant

essential PubMed

Database entries

• DBTBS entry: no entry

• SubtiList entry: [1]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity: ATP + 2 D-alanine = ADP + phosphate + D-alanyl-D-alanine (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Protein family: ATP-grasp domain (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:

• Modification:

• Cofactor(s):

• Effectors of protein activity:

• Interactions:

• Localization:
  • cytoplasm (according to Swiss-Prot)

Database entries

• Structure: 2YZG (from Thermus thermophilus hb8 mutant, 40% identity, 53% similarity)

• UniProt: P96612

• KEGG entry: [2]

• E.C. number: 6.3.2.4

Expression and regulation

• Operon:

• Expression browser: ddl PubMed

• Sigma factor: SigM PubMed

• Regulation:
  • expression is reduced in a SigV mutant PubMed

• Regulatory mechanism:

• Additional information:

Biological materials

• Mutant:

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

References

Additional publications: PubMed

Warawan Eiamphungporn, John D Helmann
The Bacillus subtilis sigma(M) regulon and its contribution to cell envelope stress responses.
Mol Microbiol: 2008, 67(4);830-48
[PubMed:18179421] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)