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spo0A [Tue Dec 13 2016 11:16:34 GMT+0100 (CET)]
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spo0A [Tue Dec 13 2016 11:16:34 GMT+0100 (CET)]

phosphorelay regulator, initiation of sporulation, coordinates DNA replication and initiation of sporulation by binding to sites close to the oriC
locus
BSU24220
pI
5.00
mw
29.00 kDa
function
initiation of sporulation
product
phosphorelay response regulator
essential
no
synonyms
spo0C, spo0G, spoIIL, sof-1

Genomic Context

      

categories

  • [category|SW 3|Information processing] → [category|SW 3.4|Regulation of gene expression] → [category|SW 3.4.2|Transcription factors and their control] → [category|SW 3.4.2.1|Two-component system response regulators]
  • [category|SW 3|Information processing] → [category|SW 3.4|Regulation of gene expression] → [category|SW 3.4.7|phosphorelay]
  • [category|SW 3|Information processing] → [category|SW 3.4|Regulation of gene expression] → [category|SW 3.4.7|phosphorelay] → [category|SW 3.4.7.4|The ultimate target]
  • [category|SW 4|Lifestyles] → [category|SW 4.1|Exponential and early post-exponential lifestyles] → [category|SW 4.1.2|Biofilm formation]
  • [category|SW 4|Lifestyles] → [category|SW 4.1|Exponential and early post-exponential lifestyles] → [category|SW 4.1.2|Biofilm formation] → [category|SW 4.1.2.4|Regulation]
  • [category|SW 4|Lifestyles] → [category|SW 4.2|Sporulation] → [category|SW 4.2.2|phosphorelay]
  • [category|SW 4|Lifestyles] → [category|SW 4.2|Sporulation] → [category|SW 4.2.2|phosphorelay] → [category|SW 4.2.2.4|The ultimate target]
  • [category|SW 6|Groups of genes] → [category|SW 6.4|Phosphoproteins] → [category|SW 6.4.2|Phosphorylation on an Asp residue]
  • [SW|Categories] containing this gene/protein

  • [SW|transcription factors and their control], [SW|phosphorelay], [SW|biofilm formation], [SW|phosphoproteins]
  • This gene is a member of the following [SW|regulons]

  • [SW|SigH regulon], [SW|Spo0A regulon]
  • Gene

    Coordinates on the chromosome (coding sequence)
    2,518,023 -> 2,518,826

    Phenotypes of a mutant

  • inactivation of ''[SW|spo0A]'' restores beta-lactam resistance in a ''[protein|search|sigM]'' mutant [Pubmed|22211522]
  • altered cell death pattern in colonies [Pubmed|23012477]
  • The protein

    Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity

  • activation of gene expression at the onset of [SW|sporulation] ([SW|Spo0A regulon])
  • coordination between [SW|DNA replication] and initiation of [SW|sporulation] by binding to sites close to the ''oriC'' (this limits re-initiation of replication) [Pubmed|23301687]
  • required for [SW|biofilm formation] [Pubmed|11886552]
  • required for [SW|sliding] [Pubmed|26152584]
  • Modification

  • receives phosphorylation from [SW|Spo0B], dephosphorylation by [SW|Spo0E], direct phosphorylation by [protein|search|KinC] upon potassium leakage [Pubmed|19114652]
  • Effectors of protein activity

  • the phosphorylation state affects DNA binding activity
  • interaction with [protein|search|MecA] inhibits the transcriptional activity of [SW|Spo0A]∼P [Pubmed|21435029]
  • Structure

  • [PDB|1QMP] (with phosphorylated aspartate, ''Geobacillus stearothermophilus''), [PDB|1FC3] (trans-activation domain, ''Geobacillus stearothermophilus''), [PDB|1LQ1] (complex with DNA)
  • [SW|Interactions]

  • [protein|search|KinC]-[SW|Spo0A] [Pubmed|19114652]
  • [SW|Spo0A]-[SW|Spo0E] [Pubmed|12067336]
  • [SW|Spo0A]-[protein|search|SigA] [Pubmed|14976210]
  • [SW|Spo0A]-[SW|Spo0B]
  • [protein|search|SinI]-[SW|Spo0A] [Pubmed|21326214]
  • [protein|search|MecA]-[SW|Spo0A] [Pubmed|21435029]
  • Expression and Regulation

    Operon

  • ''spo0A'' [Pubmed|11254139]
  • [SW|Sigma factor]

  • [protein|search|SigA] [Pubmed|11254139,1569009], [protein|search|SigH] [Pubmed|11254139,1569009]
  • Regulation

  • repressed under conditions that trigger sporulation ([SW|Spo0A]) [Pubmed|1391039]
  • repressed by casamino acids [Pubmed|15060025]
  • repressed by [protein|search|SinR] overexpression [Pubmed|9685500]
  • repressed by [protein|search|soj] [Pubmed|10852876]
  • expression increases when drowth rate declines [Pubmed|21552330]
  • Regulatory mechanism

  • [SW|Spo0A]: transcription repression [Pubmed|1391039]
  • [SW|Spo0A] synthesis is subject to a post-transcriptional control mechanism such that translation of mRNAs originating from the [protein|search|SigA]-dependent promoter is impeded due to RNA secondary structure [Pubmed|21949067]
  • Biological materials

    Mutant

  • MGNA-C448 (spo0A::erm), available at the [https://shigen.nig.ac.jp/bsub/resource/strainGeneDisrupted/detail/2446 NBRP B. subtilis, Japan]
  • BKG9 (''[SW|spo0A]''::''aphA3''), available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab
  • SS995 (''[SW|spo0A]''::''ery'') [Pubmed|14761993]
  • Labs working on this gene/protein

  • [SW|Tony Wilkinson], York University, U.K. [http://www.york.ac.uk/depts/chem/staff/ajw.html homepage]
  • [SW|Imrich Barak], Slovak Academy of Science, Bratislava, Slovakia [http://imb.savba.sk/~barak/ homepage]
  • [SW|Charles Moran], Emory University, NC, USA [http://www.microbiology.emory.edu/moran_c.html homepage]
  • References

    Reviews

  • 19995980,20030732,20157337,11286862,20833318,20955377,22303284,24914187,26458398
  • The [SW|Spo0A regulon]

  • 14651647,15687200
  • Other original Publications

  • 14679239,1569009,20413551,20404177,19528067,19581368,8730857,2106683,3157992,11254139,12067336,10869437,16385044,9287005,8127878,9287022,8231806,1905258,16452424,2118505,8207022,12176382,9733708,11069677,12730135,2437099,8288522,16166384,9495766,2118512,26165942,1556084,18296515,7768874,3145384,19114652,20689749,1537790,9658000,8509330,14762002,1846779,2981817,9477965,8600030,18840696,1391039,14976210,19207565,11679073,12270811,11112444,18978066,20154131,14712656,17157871,15060025,9685500,10852876,21552330,22303282,22745669,23301687,23335417,23660663,25225273,25341802,26152584,23012477,23170957,23169620,22412392,21326214,21435029,21478340,21622736,21949067,21980382,22211522,23927765,24123822,27208661,27216630,27215790,27891124